Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The purpose of this clinical trial is to study a modified pox viral vector considering: HIV subtype B accounts for the most frequent virus strain in Europe and North America, as well as in many parts of the world. This novel vaccinia construct expressing HIV subtype B gag, pol, env and nef antigens is to be studied in humans for the first time.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness (immune response) to a licensed H1N12009 influenza vaccine in HIV-infected adults. The study will enroll 150 adults (ages 20-59 years). Participants will be randomized into 2 groups and will receive either one dose or two doses of a licensed H1N1 vaccine. Study procedures include: medical history, blood samples and completing a memory aid. Participants will be involved in study related procedures for approximately 6 days.

The goal of the proposed study is to use the HBV vaccine as a model for a future HIV vaccine trial, examining the efficacy of community-based outreach intervention as well as an accelerated vaccine schedule as a method for increasing acceptance/adherence with HBV vaccination protocols among not-in-treatment drug users. This study will also examine the effect of HBV vaccination coupled with community-based outreach intervention on reducing the incidence of HIV, HBV and HCV infections and the frequency of needle use and sexual risk behaviors related to these viral transmissions. A secondary purpose will be to assess the antibody response after HBV vaccination as a measurement of immunological response in drug users.

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of anidulafungin versus fluconazole for the prevention of fungal diseases in liver transplant recipients

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a novel PCR-based laboratory test for rapid detection of MRSA carriers to prevent transmission of MRSA in the Belgian acute care hospital setting.

All marketed influenza vaccines are injected by the intramuscular (IM) route. This study will test whether an influenza vaccine is effective when injected by a route other than into the muscle. In order to prove this, the amount of antibodies in the blood will be measured before and after vaccination. In addition, the safety of both influenza vaccines will be tested by evaluating all serious reactions occurring after vaccination. The vaccine injected in this study is similar to the sponsor's marketed intramuscular influenza vaccine (Vaxigrip). In addition, the safety of both influenza vaccines administered by different routes will be tested by evaluating all adverse events and especially all serious reactions. Primary Objective: To demonstrate and compare the immune response of an influenza vaccine after a single dose when administered by different routes. Secondary Objectives: To describe the compliance of the immunogenicity of the vaccine with the European Medicine Agency (EMEA) after the first injection.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with topical omiganan is more effective than treatment with topical povidone-iodine in preventing local catheter site infections and catheter colonization in patients who have central venous catheters.

More than 80 patients at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center have been infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, lacking susceptibility to all commercially available antibiotics except "colistin". This antibiotic was developed in the 1960s and preliminary pharmacokinetic studies were performed at that time. Dosing recommendations, on the basis of these pharmacokinetic studies, are listed in the drug's product information. However, there are no dosing recommendations for patients requiring renal replacement therapy (either intermittent hemodialysis or continuous venovenous hemofiltration). Furthermore, the science of antibiotic dosing ("pharmacodynamics") has changed significantly since the 1960s and it is quite possible that the dosing recommendations listed in the product information are not optimal. Furthermore, even though physicians refer to "colistin" administration, the only intravenous form of the drug is colistin methanesulfonate (CMS). CMS is converted in the body to colistin. Both CMS and colistin have different pharmacokinetic and antimicrobial activities. For this reason, we, the investigators at the University of Pittsburgh, are performing a pilot study of the pharmacokinetics of intravenous CMS/colistin in patients requiring this antibiotic for clinical purposes. Plasma concentrations will be determined around a CMS/colistin dose once the drug has reached steady state. Concentrations in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid will also be determined in patients with pneumonia. Microbiologic and clinical endpoints will be determined and will be correlated with these concentrations. The measurement of CMS and colistin levels will be determined by a laboratory in Australia which developed these assays. A submission is being made to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for funding of a multicenter study which will address this research question with a greater sample size. The study proposed here is a pilot study in order to prove the feasibility of the research approach and to provide preliminary data for the NIH proposal.

Assesses the efficacy of treatment with montelukast 10 mg PO QD x 5 days versus placebo for the treatment of viral-induced upper respiratory infection in healthy adults aged 18-50 years.

The objective of the program is to examine the efficacy of 6 month home micronutrient supplementation in Bedouin and Jewish children on improvements in nutritional status including measures of iron, ferritin, zinc and folic acid, and measures of growth and health parameters i.e.reported and recorded morbidity.