Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) is doing a study to test a new HIV vaccine combination. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. 252 people are taking part in this study at multiple sites. The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) is paying for the study. The investigators are doing this study to answer several questions. Are the study vaccines safe to give to people? Are people able to take the study vaccines without becoming too uncomfortable? How do people's immune systems respond to the study vaccines? (Your immune system protects you from disease.)

Objectives: A targeted HIV testing strategy (TTS) through an HIV risk of exposure and indicator conditions (RE&IC) questionnaire resulted in same rate of new HIV infection diagnosis (NHID), coverage and even reduced costs compared with a universal non targeted (Non TSS) HIV testing strategy in a prior study (DRIVE 01). To compare number of New HIV/HCV Infection Diagnoses (NHID HIV/HCV) and costs two HIV/HCV testing programs in the Primary Health Care: an educational and support only initiative to enhance HIV /HCV testing (EDSUP) or EDSUP plus a resourced external program (DRIVE 03). Methodology: Prospective, randomized 1:1, clustered, crossover study, in one Health Care Area of Madrid, Spain, comparing the implementation of two HIV testing programs, EDSUP only vs. EDSUP plus DRIVE 03 program in 4 Primary Care Centers (PCC´s). People randomized to EDSUP plus DRIVE 03 program, non HIV infected, between 18-65 years, attending to any of the 4 PCC´s, not previously included in the study will be offered to participate. HIV testing program will be evaluated by measuring absolute number of new diagnosed infections (NDI) HIV/HCV and costs. Other outcomes considered will be people assigned and offered to participate, number of HIV tests performed, coverage (HIV /HCV tests/assigned population ratio), and rate of NDI HIV/HCV per ‰ tests performed. Six months prior to randomization main outcome variables will be recorded in the 4 PPC´s. Before randomization, EDSUP will be equally implemented in the 4 PCC´s. After randomization, first six months, DRIVE 03 program will be implemented in 2 PCC´s and in the other 2 observation of interest variables will be conducted. After first 6 month study period, PCC´s will be crossover to the opposite arm of randomization. DRIVE 03 program will offer rapid HIV tests, and testing staff to conduct all study procedures. For NDI HIV/HCV, molecular epidemiology, delayed diagnosis, retention in care, HIV/HCV treatment and control/eradication will be also monitored.

A three-arm, multi-site clinical evaluation of the ARIES Bordetella Assay for the detection and identification of Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) and Bordetella parapertussis (B. parapertussis) nucleic acids in prospectively collected, de-identified, left-over clinical specimens; banked, pre-selected clinical specimens; and contrived specimens.

A point-of-care laboratory (POC) was set at North Hospital, Marseille, France for the diagnosis in less than two hours of sexually transmitted infections caused by known pathogens, close to the reception of Emergency service. In this instance 30% of patients have no etiological diagnosis after the POC sexually infection transmitted tests . Most sexually transmitted infections can be diagnosed from an anal swab which is not routinely performed. In this study, we suggest to test the hypothesis that anal swab in addition to the routine genital swab would increase by at least 5% the diagnosis capacity of sexually transmitted infections after the POC tests.

Surgical site infection in vascular surgery is a relatively common event with reported incidence as high as 43%. When considering the groin alone, the incidence is around 20% (30% when considering any wound complication). This complication may sometimes lead to heavier complication (leg amputation, longer hospital stay, high costs…) and affects the early postoperative quality of life of the patients.

The study aims to assess the accuracy and impact of rapid diagnosis and rapid diagnosis decision support on different aspects of antibiotic consumption when implemented alone or together.

MALDI-TOF MS is capable of directly identifying bacteria and fungi in positive blood cultures, which may be beneficial to patient management. Therefore, MALDI-TOF MS is an important new technology that is becoming routine in developed countries. It is currently unknown whether MALDITOF MS improves diagnostics, costs and patient outcomes in developing countries. This study will assess the clinical impact of a MALDITOF MS system (Maldi Biotyper, Bruker, Germany) in the resource constrained setting of Vietnam and at what cost.

BioFire Diagnostics, LLC (BioFire) has developed the FilmArray Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel, a rapid, easy to use PCR-based in vitro diagnostic test for the identification of 22 common microorganisms responsible for infectious gastroenteritis (http://filmarray.com/the-panels/) from a stool specimen collected in Cary Blair enteric transport media. The test was made available for sale in the US and EU following FDA clearance and CE marking in May, 2014. The FilmArray GI Panel offers improvements over conventional laboratory testing which include: reduced turnaround time from specimen to result, reduced laboratory labor costs, increased sensitivity and specificity relative to current clinical reference methods, and larger breadth of organism identification than is available using standard methods. Because of these attributes, the results from this test have the potential to enable clinicians to more accurately diagnose and treat GI illness in a reduced time frame. Collaborators at the University of Utah, Brown University/Lifespan, and BioFire Diagnostics have designed a study to evaluate health outcomes of pediatric subjects presenting to emergency departments with GI illness before and after establishing the FilmArray GI Panel as the standard of care method for stool pathogen analysis. It is hypothesized that the rapid (~ 1 hour turnaround time), sensitive, specific, and comprehensive results provided by the FilmArray GI Panel will allow clinicians to more rapidly diagnose GI illness, initiate appropriate therapy and provide guidance when compared to the pre-implementation period.

Carbon-12 and carbon-13 are naturally-abundant isotopes in exhaled breath carbon dioxide. The ratio of carbon-13 to carbon-12 in exhaled breath is known as the breath delta value (BDV). This study is seeking to determine if the breath delta value of critically ill adults is an early indicator of the onset of infection that may lead to sepsis.

The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of probiotics in prevention of respiratory tract infections and their complications in children