Active clinical trials for "Infections"

This phase IV trial investigates whether one dose of a human papillomavirus vaccine works as well as two doses in preventing human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Certain types of HPV cause almost all cases of cervical cancer. Vaccines that protect against infection with these types of human papillomavirus may reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Both Gardasil-9 and Cervarix protect against HPV 16 and 18, which cause 70% of all cervical cancers. However, HPV vaccination rates are too low, especially in countries with very high rates of cervical cancer. HPV vaccines are expensive-many countries cannot afford them-more than one dose is needed, and giving multiple doses is difficult. Researchers want to find out if one dose prevents HPV infection. If it does, more people might get the vaccine.

The primary objective of this study is to assess the rates of HIV-1 infection in Men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) who have sex with men and who are administered daily emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF) or emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) with a minimum follow-up of 48 weeks and at least 50% of participants have 96 weeks of follow-up after randomization.

The purpose of this study is to test the safety of FMT in patients with C. difficile and cancer. In previous other studies, FMT has been shown to cure C. difficile when antibiotics have failed, but most of these studies have not included patients with cancer. The investigators want to prove that FMT is safe in this group of people so that doctors will feel more comfortable prescribing it for their patients with cancer.

The objective of this study is to determine whether in the setting of primary health care it is effective to treat with metronidazole returning travellers with gastrointestinal symptoms and B. hominis in the stool or not.

The DECREASE SSI Trial (Decolonization to Reduce After-Surgery Events of Surgical Site Infection) is a two-arm multi-center individual placebo-controlled randomized (2,700 participants randomized 1:1) clinical trial to reduce post-discharge surgical site infection following open colon or small bowel surgery by comparing chlorhexidine bathing plus nasal mupirocin in the 30 days following discharge to soap without antiseptic properties (placebo) and placebo nasal ointment. This trial seeks to enhance the care of the 675,000 patients annually who undergo colon and small bowel surgery by finding simple and efficacious interventions to reduce SSI.

The perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is evidence-based in orthopedic surgery. While its duration ranges from a single dose to three doses throughout the world, the choice of the prophylactic agents is undisputed. Worldwide, the surgeons use 1st or 2nd-generation cephalosporins (or vancomycin in some cases). However, there are particular clinical situation with a high risk of antibiotic-resistant surgical site infections (SSI); independently of the duration of adminis-tered prophylaxis. These resistant SSI's occur in contaminated wounds, or during surgery under current therapeutic antibiotics, and base on "selection" by antibiotics used for therapy or for prophylaxis.

Beyond EV-B, there are clinical observations to implicate other viruses in birth defects, including CHD. Since the Rubella epidemic of 1960s', however, viruses have received little attention and certainly no comprehensive study, especially using next generation sequencing (NGS), has been undertaken in this context. The current pandemic as well as those caused by Zika, influenza, Ebola and Lassa Fever (among many) have shown pregnant women and their baby are at high risk. Therefore, an open-minded approach is warranted when considering the role of maternal viral infections in CHD. Even less is known about maternal immune response, such as antibody production, to these viruses. The investigator's goal is to answer the above gaps in knowledge. The investigators propose to do that using two different approaches; one retrospective (analysis of samples in two existing, large biorepositories) and the other prospective. The investigator's have created a multi-disciplinary team to bring together the needed expertise from individuals who have overlapping and vested interest in this project. The investigator's specific aim is to examine the diversity of the gut virome in non-pregnant and pregnant women with and without diabetes, with special emphasis on known cardiotropic viruses (those with tropism for cardiac tissues). This study is seen by the investigator's as the first step prior to a larger prospective multi-institutional study to specifically assess the linkage between the maternal virome and CHD pathogenesis.

The main objective of this multicenter cohort study is to determine the degree of COVID19 infection immunization of a population of psychiatric patients. The secondary objective of this cohort follow-up is to: Clinically characterize COVID patients who are positive for serological testing Assess the socio-demographic, clinical and psychotropic determinants of a COVID diagnosis Immunologically characterize COVID patients who are positive for serological testing Exploring the links between susceptibility to COVID19 and erythrocytic blood groups

The Pocket colposcope has 510k FDA clearance and has been successfully used in almost 1500 unique patients globally in Duke and non-Duke protocols to date. 400 women who are HPV-positive and planned to undergo treatment at 6 Ministry of Health-supported outpatient clinics in Kisumu County will be recruited to the study. After providing informed consent, participants will be randomized 1:1 to either standard-of-care visual inspection or colposcopy with the Pocket Colposcope

Urinary infections in children is very common. Delay in the diagnosis may be followed by complications. Pyelonephritis is a febrile urinary infection with a renal injury. In local experience, about 30-40% of the children don't have an inflammatory syndrome or echographical abnormalities. Do they really have a renal injury ? In fact, only the scintigraphy or the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may show these lesions, but are done only in specific cases (diagnosis of uropathy or nephropathy). Recent studies have shown that plasmatic Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is associated traumatic or inflammatory renal lesions. But the plasmatic NGAL cutoff is fluctuant depending on the cohorts and gold standards. The main goal is to evaluate a new methodology of dosing NGAL, (immuno-dosage turbidimetric dosage). The investigators suppose that plasmatic NGAL protein will detect renal injury, which would be confirmed by MRI. The aim of this study is to evaluate the area under the curve (AUC) of plasmatic NGAL protein with an automatised method, for the detection of renal injury. This would be confirmed by reno vesical MRI, in children over 2 years old with febrile urinary infections