Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The incidence of invasive candida infection (ICI) in critically ill patients is increasing day by day. The crude mortality of IFI in ICU could be as high as 25%-75% depending on their age, underlying conditions, and so on. Candida albicans was by far the predominant species in most countries, causing up to two thirds of all cases of invasive candidiasis. However, a shift toward non-albicans Candida species has been observed. Although the studies of ICI cause universal attention recently, there is still no large-scale, multi-center epidemiological research in China focusing on ICI in critically ill patients, therefore we conducted a large-scale multi-center observational study of IFI in critically ill patients named "China Scan" (CHINA Survey of Candidiasis in ICU) to assess the current incidence, mortality, pathogen spectrum, management, and risk factors for ICI in China ICUs.

The study is conducted to analyse the infection rate in children treated with VEPTR-Implants for severe spine or thoracic deformities.

The purpose of this study is to establish retrospectively the incidence rates of invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged less than 5 years. The investigators allocate the El Hasa region for the study because it has higher incidence of sickle cell anemia. The study will include data from 2003 to 2007(before introduction of the vaccine) and then for 2008 and 2009 (after introduction of the vaccine).

The aim of this the study is to the assess whether the graft and patient survival, rejection rates and renal graft function after the first year will not differ between both study arms. The investigators will also the evaluate the reduction in the incidence of cytomegalovirus the and improvement of renal function of the everolimus after 1 year.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-infection belongs to the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. HIV-infected men having sex with men (MSM) are strongly associated with a higher prevalence of genital HPV-infection, a higher incidence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), and, consecutively, an increased risk for anal cancer. Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence of several viral-associated neoplasias has significantly fallen in HIV-infected individuals. At the beginning of the era of HAART, a justified hope existed that genitoanal HPV-related neoplasias would also decrease based on the success of HAART-induced immune restoration. However, HAART seems to have only a small impact on the natural history of AIN as observed in a cohort of HIV-positive MSM before and after the initiation of HAART. As AIN and cancer precursor lesions of the cervix, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, share distinct clinical similarities, cytologic smear testing for AIN has been recommended to detect and treat early lesions. Thus, this prospective study mainly focuses on the predictive value of HPV-DNA load for the development and clinical progression of AIN in HIV-infected MSM. Moreover, the course of HPV viral load under therapy for anal intraepithelial neoplasia, e.g. topical treatment with imiquimod, will be evaluated. Additionally, immunohistochemical determination of several proliferative biomarkers, as well as cytokines, will be performed.

Despite major advances, infections remain one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Furthermore, data on the epidemiology, severity, and type of post-OLT infections nowadays available come from dated, monocentric, retrospective series. Finally, there is no available data focused on the critical OLT patient admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Therefore this study was conceived (1) to describe incidence, severity, epidemiology and outcomes of infections recorded in OLT patients in the ICU (first or re-admission ); (2) to identify possible risk factors and (3) to report the type of the involved microorganism with their antibiotic sensitivity pattern

Study on patients with CNS infections.

The present study is a prospective non-randomized and comparative study of patients undergoing surgical treatment with external fixators of any type, between May 2018 and May 2020, in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, in the São Vicente de Paulo hospitals. A study in which we compared infection rates, pin loosening and complications found in external fixators made with hydroxyapatite coated pins and uncoated steel pins.

The aim of this study is to identify risk factors and prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria colonization among patients at high risk of STIs

High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is a necessary condition in the occurence and development of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and cervical cancer. There are cases that high-grade SIL (HSIL) and stage IA1 cervical squamous cancer remain or reoccur, or even become more severe after conization. The infection situation of HR-HPV, which plays an important role in the prognosis of cervical lesion, should be consulted in the management and follw-up after conization. It is worthwhile making further study in the specific practical significance of the HR-HPV in the prognosis of cervical lesion, as well as the high-risk factors that influence the prognosis of HR-HPV.