Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The increase in bacterial resistance and the overuse of antibiotics have led health authorities to propose incentives for the proper use of antibiotics. Among these measures, the introduction of referring physicians for antibiotic therapy and tele-advisory devices for infectious diseases have shown positive effects on antibiotic prescriptions in hospitals. Today, an increase is observed in the consumption of antibiotics linked to ambulatory prescriptions. The objective of the project is to deploy tele-advice devices for general practitioners and to evaluate the effects on ambulatory antibiotic dispensing. AIRBUS-ATB is a prospective, multi-center, population-based, interrupted time-series observational study with a control group with 12 points before and 24 points after the deployment of the intervention in voluntary territories.

The aim is to investigate if RNA expression signature can discriminate bacterial from viral infection or non-infectious inflammation in children with cancer. Earlier studies in immunocompetent children have shown promising results, but studies in immunocompromised children are lacking. We aim to include 300 febrile episodes in children with cancer. The samples will be analysed by RNA sequencing. If succesfull, this method can help prevent unnecessary antibiotic treatment, reduce hospital admissions, side effects and antimicrobial resistance and improve quality of life for children during cancer treatment.

The study is a longitudinal, observational cohort study of people who are newly-diagnosed with HIV who consent to recency testing and participate in index testing services, and their disclosed contacts. The study will evaluate the impact of recency testing on HIV positive yield of index testing among the contacts of newly diagnosed people living with HIV and the incidence of adverse events or social harm as a result of returning recency results among newly diagnosed people living with HIV.

World increase in mortality from consequences of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a significant public health problem. Irrational prescribing of antimicrobial drugs (AMD) in general population is one of the main causes of development AMR. This is also contributed by fact that up to 90% of total antimicrobial consumption in Europe is related to the general population. Problem of AMR has been recognized by World Health Organization and Council of European Union, which support the establishment of the antimicrobial stewardship team (A-team). A-team provides co-ordinated interventions that promote rational use of AMD. To date, no study has been carried out in which Ateam from hospital environment goes to primary health care for the purpose of rationalization prescribing of AMD by primary health care practitioners. Project for implementation of hospital A-team in primary health care in Koprivnica-Križevci County will be initiated using educational outreach method aimed at rationalization of the consumption of AMD.

This article describes a case of successful treatment of a 59-year-old man with sepsis as a result of periprosthetic infection against the background of severe SARS-CoV-2-19, who was hospitalized for 59 days, 57 of which were in the intensive care unit. Vibroacoustic pulmonary therapy, the concept of noninvasive ventilation, syndrome therapy, combination antibiotic therapy taking into account the pathogen and antibiotic sensitivity were used in the treatment.

A Randomized controlled trail to To assess the efficacy of povidone-iodine wash before wound closure in preventing surgical site infections.

The study team will conduct a feasibility study to develop and test out procedures for improved triage and COVID-19 testing in dental practices to increase safety and perceptions of the safety of Dental Health Care Workers (DHCW) and their patients. DHCWs in offices with Practice-Based Regional Network (PBRN) members and their patients will be recruited to participate in one of two protocols. The first, point-of-care (POC), will test out procedures for point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 antigen testing in the dental office along with enhanced triage using pulse oximeters. The second, laboratory (LAB), will test out procedures for a saliva-based laboratory SARS-CoV-2 viral test along with enhanced triage. The feasibility of implementing COVID-related testing and enhanced triage procedures in the dental setting will provide preliminary data to inform a larger network-wide study grant application.

In order to assess the mother-to-infant and potential vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, maternal and neonatal biological samples will be prospectively collected from women with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 at participating hospitals across Ontario. Samples will be tested for the SARS-CoV-2 serology and viral load. Outcomes for the study objective will be ascertained through the collection and testing of biological samples from the mother and/or infant. Specifically the investigators will: Assess maternal nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swab, vaginal mucosa, ano-rectal swab, amniotic fluid, placenta (including subamniotic swab), breastmilk, cord blood and neonatal nasopharyngeal swab for RNA particles of coronavirus, by ddPCR. Assess maternal serum for anti-coronavirus antibodies, by immunoassay. Examine the impact of coronavirus on the neonate with respect to serology and viral load, in addition to placenta pathology findings and ddPCR. Assess vertical transmission and the effect of coronavirus through placental pathology examination using placental pathology synoptic report.

This is a laboratory evaluation of a new testing methodology for microbiological diagnosis, whereby participant samples received as part of routine care will be divided between the standard diagnostic pathway and this new pathway: metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS). Results obtained from the mNGS pathway will be compared against the standard diagnostic pathway in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and clinical impact. The samples will be identified at Wellington Southern Community Laboratories (WSCL), which provides laboratory services for Capital and Coast District Health Board, and forwarded to the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) to undergo mNGS testing.

The scientific, feasible and effective mode of standardized cleaning and disinfection of ICU high-frequency contact surfaces is discussed and verified.