Active clinical trials for "Infections"

This study aims to determine the burden of pertussis infection among adolescents and adults with prolonged cough in four Asian countries, namely Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand. This study also aims to assess the health economic (HE) impact of pertussis.

The purpose of this study is to determine the bone mineral density in male and female patients with HIV infection according to age groups. This will enable a practical approach to screening for osteoporosis and the management and prevention of fragility fractures in people with HIV. In addition, all risk factors commonly associated with fragility fractures and osteoporosis are collected, as is HIV drug history. Hence, as secondary outcomes, the associations with reduced bone mineral density can be ascertained.

This will be a pilot, open label study involving 65 participants. All participants will be followed until seroconversion or until the last enrolled participant completes one year of follow-up, whichever happens first. Participant study number will be given at the screening visit, prior to inclusion in the study. The chosen intervention and study regimen are based on the dynamics of viral infection and the pharmacokinetics of the study drugs. In order to inhibit reverse transcription nucleoside and nucleotide analogues need to be phosphorylated intracellularly. On the other hand, available data indicate that it takes approximately 10 hours between exposure and HIV viral integration, offering a window of opportunity for Raltegravir to block integration and thus prevent infection, given that this drug does not need to be metabolized to exert its effect. The intervention will be maintained for 4 weeks following exposure, in accordance with Brazilian and CDC guidelines for PEP.

The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of Avelox Tablet 400 mg (hereinafter as "Avelox") in treating secondary infection of chronic respiratory disease.It is a local prospective and observational study of patients who have received Avelox tablets for Laryngopharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Bronchitis acute, Pneumonia, Secondary infection in chronic respiratory diseases, Sinusitis. A total of 500 patients are to be enrolled and assessed during the period of treatment with Avelox.

Palatability testing of a new paediatric formulation of valacyclovir in children 4-12 years of age and at least one of their parents. Children will be included, who received (val)acyclovir prophylaxis in the past, or will probably need it in the future i.e. children with primary immune deficiency or cancer.

PROJECT JUSTIFICATION: Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in Brazil, and is the cause of significant morbidity and mortality among Brazilian women. In spite of government efforts to improve the coverage rates of Pap tests, the disease-related incidence and mortality rates remain high and the diagnosis is still too late.Considering that the chronic human papillomavirus (HPV) related genital infection leads to cervical cancer development, cervical cancer should be the target of primary prevention through vaccination. PROJECT OBJECTIVES: This project aims to evaluate de following vaccination indicators: 1) Program acceptance rate; 2) Vaccine coverage rate; 3) Three-dose completion rate; 4) Rescue vaccination demand; 5) Adverse event rate; TARGET POPULATION: Schoolgirls attending the 6th and 7th grades of elementary school (mean age = 11.9 yo). VACCINATION PROGRAM: The program adopted the quadrivalent vaccine because it is considered superior to the bivalent vaccine in preventing HPV-induced lesions. In addition to preventing the development of pre-cancer lesions and cervical cancer, the quadrivalent vaccine has also proved to be effective in preventing condyloma, and vaginal and vulvar cancer. The girls received the vaccines doses at their schools (school-based program) and also at the Barretos Cancer Hospital. RESULTS: Program acceptance rate = 91.8% (95%CI: 87.0%-96.8%); Vaccine coverage for 1st, 2nd and 3rd doses = 87.5% (95%CI: 82.9%-92.2%), 86.3% (95%CI: 81.8%-91.1%) and 85.0% (95%CI: 80.5%-89.7%). Three dose completion rate = 97.2% (95%CI: 92.0%-100.0%). Reasons for dropping out of the vaccination program included: moving out of town (17), lost during follow up (16), guardians' decision but without a reasonable justification (3), girl refused to continue in the program (1) and pregnancy (2). Two girls interrupted the vaccination because of adverse events reported by the parents. Rescue vaccination demand = 279 girls on the first dose (20.3%; 95%CI: 17.9%-22.8%), 357 on the second dose (26.3%; 95%CI=23.6%-29.1%) and 291 on the third dose (21.7%; 95%CI=19.3%-24.4%). Thirty adverse events were recorded or observed in 4,074 doses, providing an adverse event rate of 0.7% (95%CI: 0.5%-1.1%). There was no severe adverse event.

This project aims to assess the clinical and microbiological efficacy of fosfomycin(FOM) in patients with bacterial infection. Primary objective: • To assess clinical and microbiological efficacy of FOM in patients with bacterial infection. Secondary objectives: To determine the rate and severity of unexpected adverse events. To determine the mean duration of therapy with FOM in patients with bacterial infection. Study design: Multi-center, non-interventional study

RATIONALE: Infection prophylaxis and management may help prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection caused by a stem cell transplant. PURPOSE:This clinical trial studies infection prophylaxis and management in treating cytomegalovirus infection in patients with hematologic malignancies previously treated with donor stem cell transplant.

The investigators conducted the study in 4 teaching hospitals and 2 non-teaching hospitals of Shaanxi Province. Surgeons, clinical pharmacists and nurses took part in patient collection, information registration, protocol performance. The investigators recruited 1200 patients with inguinal hernia undergoing inguinal hernioplasty in the six hospitals from January 2010 to July 2011. The patients were randomly allocated into control group, cefazolin group and levofloxacin group, with digital meter method , 400 in each group. The data such as age, sex, case number, length of hospital stay, antibiotic usage, post-operative infection, infection site, bacterial culture were filled in self-designed forms on computer.

In this trial, our goal is to determine the pharmacokinetics of micafungin in a non-selected cohort of patients with suspected or proven invasive fungal infections. Patients will receive micafungin for the period necessary to achieve clinical and / or mycological cure. An attempt will be made to have 2 PK curves, one full and one limited sampling on days 3 (n=9) and 7 (n=5). Furthermore, we will be able to determine intra-individual variability. On non-PK days, trough samples will be taken to determine the time to steady state. All samples will be taken just prior to the morning dose of micafungin. All infusion rates will be according to the SPC label information. Patients are considered to be evaluable if at least the first PK curve has been completed. Two moments of PK analysis will enable us to determine whether there is an increase over time in exposure if steady state has not been reached.