Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Maternal infections affect the basal immune status of neonates. One of the possible mechanism is the fetomaternal microchimerism, in which some cells and active substances are exchanged bi-directionally between maternal and fetal circulation through placenta. Even in the absence of a direct (vertical) transmission of pathogens to fetuses, certain infections make the neonates more prone to allergies and some adverse events of early vaccinations. We postulate that the basal immune status of neonates born to HIV and LTBI infected mothers is primed by gestational exposure to immunological active molecules, which could results in an altered response to early BCG vaccination. Transcripts expression identified by RNA sequencing are compared between sets of mother-child and their respective umbilical cord blood, and between groups of infected and non-infected pairs.

This was a prospective clinical study that all voriconazole-treated adult Chinese patients with invasive pulmonary infection admitted to Zhengzhou Central Hospital affiliated to Zhengzhou University from March 2018 to April 2020.

Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are important causes of reproductive health morbidity and mortality, and have long been implicated as major co-factors in the sexual transmission of HIV. Both ulcerative and non-ulcerative STI have been found to be strongly associated with HIV in cross-sectional and prospective studies and hence STI prevention and care are important aspects of HIV prevention. Periodic Presumptive Treatment of STIS (PPT) where risk populations are presumptively treated with a single dose of Azithromycin+Cefixime in regular intervals of 3 months has been shown to be effective in reducing STI prevalence at population level and has recently been integrated into the National STI guidelines of Tanzania. The USAID funded Sauti program will be one of the first to implement these new guidelines and roll out PPT in high risk populations in selected regions in Tanzania. This study will evaluate the impact of PPT as delivered by the Sauti program on prevalence of STIs in men who have sex with men and female sex workers in Dar es Salaam and Shinyanga respectively.

This study will assess the efficacy of oral vancomycin prophylaxis in preventing recurrent Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized patients requiring oral or intravenous antibiotics for a suspected or confirmed bacterial infection.

This is a controlled open label efficacy study of Aionx antimicrobial surface for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections.

The primary purpose of this study is to support the development of a host response test for acute respiratory illness to identify bacterial, viral or NB/NV etiologies as compared to a clinical adjudication reference standard. Secondary objectives include: Evaluate the effect of age on the performance of the HR-ARI test Evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity on the performance of the HR-ARI test Evaluate the effect of geography on the performance of the HR-ARI test

perform a study in VigiBase® to assess if clozapine was associated with an over-reporting of infections and to characterize those infections. The investigators also decided to assess the dose dependency associated with those infections.

Background: During hip replacement surgery, there is a risk that bacteria in the operating room can cause an infection. To try and reduce this risk, some operating rooms use a special system called laminar airflow (LAF), which reduces the number of bacteria in the air. However, it's not clear if LAF is better than the older system, called turbulent airflow (TAF), for preventing infections. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the two airflow systems and see if LAF is better at preventing infections after hip replacement surgery. Methods: Information from a database containing all hip replacement surgeries done in Denmark between 2010 and 2020 is examined. The number of infections that occur in surgeries done with LAF, which reduces the number of bacteria in the air during surgery, is compared to the number of infections that occur in surgeries done with TAF. To make the results more credible, the data from the hip register was combined with data from the bacterial cultures taken during surgery. Use and relevance: Infections after hip replacement surgery can be very serious and expensive to treat. Hospitals need to choose the best airflow system to help prevent these infections. This study is important because it gives more accurate information about which system is better at preventing infections and can help hospitals make better choices when they are designing or renovating operating rooms.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the transmission of respiratory diseases and the correct wearing of masks, as well as the factors affecting the correct wearing of masks. The research is beneficial to the prevention of respiratory diseases and moves the barrier of prevention and control forward. It is of great significance to COVID-19 's practical prevention and control.

In 2017, the French Society in anesthesia and reanimation published new recommendations on intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Now, no more than 48 hours of antibiotic prophylaxis applies to any otolaryngology surgery, regardless of patient's medical history or type of flap used to rebuild. This has resulted in an alignment of our local protocol in Croix-Rousse hospital. However, after few years, our local impressions are that bone flap surgeries are very likely to provide surgical site infections (osteo-articular or non-osteo-articular infections). The prejudice of these postoperative site infections is significant, with serious consequences,. of both functional and aesthetic sides. We wanted to objectify this impression by retrospectively analyzing the data relating to patients operated on for bone flapsurgeries. Knowing the operation site infection rate after surgery for otolaryngology bone flap surgery will allow us to objectively understand the infectious risk of these surgeries, in particular the risk of osteoarticular infection. Identifying operation site infection factors will allow us to better target and prevent them. The goal is to find out if the antibiotic prophylaxis currently recommended is sufficient and effective for this type of surgery.