Active clinical trials for "Infections"

This multicenter, retrospective, observational study will evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of a strategy of induction with Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) within an optimized regimen of antiretroviral drugs in patients with HIV-1 infection in routine clinical practice.

Main objective: to observationally assess the efficacy of different antimicrobials in Bloodstream Infection (BSI) due to Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBLs or carbapenemases. Specific objectives: Bacteraemic infections due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae: To demonstrate that β-lactam/β-lactam inhibitors are not associated with worse cure rate and mortality than carbapenems after controlling for confounders, both as empirical and definitive therapy. To demonstrate that fluoroquinolones as definitive therapy are not associated with worse cure rate and mortality than carbapenems after controlling for confounders. To demonstrate that empirical cephalosporins in monotherapy are associated with worse cure rate and mortality than carbapenems after controlling for confounders in infections others than urinary tract infections. To demonstrate that the association of active aminoglycosides with cephalosporins or fluoroquinolines is not associated with worse cure rate and mortality than carbapenems after controlling for confounders. To demonstrate that combination empirical and definitive therapy is not associated with better cure rate than monotherapy after controlling for confounders. For tigecycline, colistin, and fosfomycin, no hypothesis. The objective is to provide adjusted estimations of their association with outcome variables in comparison with carbapenem monotherapy according to clinical situation and infection. Bacteraemic infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: To demonstrate that combination therapy is associated with worse cure rate and mortality than monotherapy after controlling for confounders. To show that carbapenems are associated with worse cure rate and mortality when used in infections other than urinary tract caused by isolates showing MIC <2 µg/mL for imipenem or meropenem in comparison to those caused by isolates with higher MIC, after controlling for confounders. To show that colistin used at a dose >6 million IU per day is associated with improved outcomes in comparison with lower dose, after controlling for confounders.

To collect retrospectively the efficacy and safety information of azithromycin IV on patients with Legionnaires' disease related to their appropriate use in daily practice.

Secondary Data Collection Study; safety and effectiveness of Tigecycline .under Japanese medical practice

This post marketing observational study (PMOS) was conducted in Japan during the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) seasons to assess the safety and effectiveness of palivizumab for the prevention of serious lower respiratory tract infection caused by RSV in participants 24 months of age and under, who have an immunocompromised medical condition (e.g., combined immunodeficiency disease, antibody deficiency, or other types of immunodeficiency; HIV infection; recovering from organ or bone marrow transplantation; on chemotherapy; on high-dose corticosteroid therapy; on immunosuppressants) or who have Down syndrome.

It has been shown that a single high dose of steroid before surgery may reduce pain the first 48 hours after insertion of a new joint in the knee, a so called "total knee arthroplasty" (TKA). Consequently, this has been introduced as standard treatment of most patients at several Danish orthopedic departments. Although there are some concerns about the possibility of increased risk of prosthesis infections, this has not been proved in previous studies. However the studies are few, have limited number of patients and are not done using a standardized perioperative set-up. This study is made to monitor the safety of a single high dose steroid injection before TKA, with regards to prosthesis infection within one year of surgery. We hypothesize that there will be no increase in infections in patients receiving steroid injection before TKA compared to a historical cohort of patents who did not receive a steroid injection before their TKA.

The present study aims to compare the differences in exit site infection between patients receiving spray dressing and conventional care. The outcome measures including catheter exit site infection rate, skin allergy, catheter damage and patient satisfaction

The TAILORED-Treatment consortium was established to develop new tools aimed to increase the effectiveness of antibiotic and antifungal therapy, reduce adverse events, and help limit the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in children and adults.

Death in Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is usually due to cancer or chronic lung failure around 20 years of age. Despite low lymphocyte counts (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD19), IgA and IgG subclass deficiency opportunistic and acute severe respiratory infections are rare. The prevailing wisdom is that an immunoglobulin replacement therapy is not necessary in most of the patients. However no placebo controlled trials have been performed so far. The aim of this trial was to investigate the prevalence of mild and severe respiratory infections and / or chronic cough in classical A-T patients compared to healthy controls.

Objectives: 1) To evaluate la proportion of hepatitic C virus (HCV)-monoinfected patients who show sustained virologic response (SVR) to treatment including direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in the clinical practice in clinical units that treat infectious diseases and 2) to determine the frequency of adverse events, including those that are severe and/or cause treatment interruption, in DAA-based therapy in this setting. Design: Multicentric, prospective post-authorised cohort study. Setting: Hospitals of the Hepatitis Study Group (GEHEP) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology (SEIMC). Study population: HCV-monoinfected patients that initiate DAA-based treatment outside clinical trials. Variables: The primary efficacy outcome variable is the proportion of patients who reach undetectable HCV-RNA 12 weeks after the scheduled end of therapy (SVR12). The primary safety outcome variable is the percentage of subjects who discontinue therapy due to adverse events. Statistical analysis: A descriptive study will be performed, as well as a double sensibility analysis of the frequency of SVR12 using both an intention-to-treat and an on-treatment approach. Those variables that are associated with SVR12 with a p-value <0.2 will be included in a logistic regression analysis in which SVR12 will be the dependent variable.