Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of stopping preventive therapy for DMAC in HIV-positive patients who (1) have been treated for DMAC for at least 12 months and are now free of any signs of DMAC for at least 16 weeks, and (2) have improved immune systems (CD4 cell counts greater than or equal to 100 cells/mm3) due to anti-HIV drug therapy. DMAC is a serious and sometimes life-threatening infection that usually affects only HIV-positive patients with CD4 cell counts (cells of the immune system that fight infection) less than 50 cells/mm3. It is recommended that people who are likely to get DMAC be placed on preventive medications which help reduce the risk of infection. New anti-HIV combination drug therapies can increase CD4 cell counts and can reduce the level of HIV in the blood. When CD4 counts are increased, risk of DMAC infection is less. This study examines whether it is possible to stop preventive therapy for DMAC when CD4 counts are high without placing individuals at risk for getting DMAC again.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the nervous system. The exact cause of MS is unknown, but it is believed to be an autoimmune condition. Autoimmune conditions are diseases that cause the body's immune system and natural defenses to attack healthy cells. In the case of MS, the immune system begins attacking myelin, the cells that make up the sheath covering nerves. Without myelin, nerves are unable to transmit signals effectively and symptoms occur. This study is directed toward a better understanding of the cause of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Researchers will evaluate patients with a tentative diagnosis of MS or other neurological diseases possibly caused by a immunological reaction. Patients will undergo a series of three MRIs, taken once a month for three months and submit blood samples for immunological studies.

The primary objective of this registry study is to assess the durability of sustained virologic response (SVR) and clinical progression or regression of liver disease including the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma following SVR in participants with cirrhosis after treatment with a sofosbuvir-based regimen for HCV infection.

The purpose of this randomized clinical trial is to investigate the role of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) vs standard sterile gauze therapy on the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI) in primarily closed groin incisions in high risk patients undergoing any open common femoral artery exposure for a vascular surgery procedure.

The ENAT study will test the impact of packages of antenatal interventions to enhance maternal nutrition and manage pregnancy infections on the outcomes of infant birth size, gestational length, and infant growth in the first 6 months of life. Approximately 5,280 pregnant women will be enrolled into the study from 12 health centers in the Amhara region of Ethiopia. Routine antenatal care will be strengthened in all health centers, and six health centers will be randomized to additionally provide a nutritional intervention including daily multiple-micronutrient or a fortified balanced-energy protein supplement for malnourished women. Women across all 12 health centers will be individually randomized to receive one of three infection management interventions in pregnancy: 1) enhanced infection management package (screening-treatment for urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted infections, presumptive deworming); 2) presumptive azithromycin (2g at <24 wks and a second dose at least 4 weeks later); or 3) placebo. The women and their infants will be followed until 6 months postpartum. Outcomes of interest include birth size (weight, length), gestational age, maternal weight gain in pregnancy, maternal anemia, antimicrobial resistance, and infant size at 6 months.

This open-label randomized trial aims at assessing the role of Vitamin C pills in the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in women undergoing elective gynecological surgeries.

There are more than one million (> 40,000 cases per year in France) of osteoarticular infections (OAI) yearly in the world. The number of these infections is constantly increasing due to an increase in life expectancy associated with an increase in prosthesis fitting, as well as an increase in comorbid factors. These are severe pathologies associated with mortality (5%) and significant morbidity (40%), responsible for functional sequelae with an individual cost (prolonged hospitalization, altered quality of life, disability) and societal (sick leave, partial disability). or total, temporary or permanent) extremely high. In addition, reinfection rates within two years of treatment are high. The BJIs are a group of clinical entities that have in common the invasion and progressive destruction of bone and cartilage tissue by bacterial-like microorganisms. Staphylococcus spp is the main pathogen (>50%) in BJI and is associated with particularly difficult to treat infections, with a high rate of chronicity and relapses, especially in case of implanted material. The difficulty in managing these infections is partly linked, on the one hand, to the fact that the pathogens are in "persistent" metabolic forms and in intracellular reservoirs which make them insensitive to conventional antibiotics and, on the other hand, the absence of reliable markers of the infection and above all of its clinical resolution, which complicates clinical trials. ESPRI-IOAC is a consortium of 4 partners (private-public) from Lyon area and which aims at: studying the translational value of BJI preclinical models identifying biomarkers of infection in preclinical models and at assessing them in a prospective study. The current study is part of the global ESPRI-IOAC consortium, and represent the clinical application. It is a prospective study of patients treated for BJI in the infectious disease department of the Hospices Civils de Lyon, La Croix-Rousse, for osteo-articular infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, or for simple mechanical revision or for cruciate ligament surgery, the objective of which is to highlight biomarkers of interest in the diagnosis of chronic BJI and, or predictive of the therapeutic response. The translational value of the experimental models used in the BJI will also be studied.

The objective of this study is to obtain female first-catch urine, vaginal, cervical and endocervical swabs for testing with multiple APTIMA Assays on the Gen-Probe PANTHER® and TIGRIS® Systems.

The aim of this study is to test whether the oscillation of cytokine concentrations in serum is able to predict the development of infection in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are one of the most common reasons for hospitalization of diabetic patients and frequently results in amputation of lower limbs. Of the one million people who undergo non-traumatic leg amputations annually worldwide, 75% are performed on people who have type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The risk of death at 10 years for a diabetic with DFU is twice as high as the risk for a patient without a DFU. The rate of amputation in patients with DFU is 38.4%4. Infection is a common (>50%) complication of DFU. Emerging evidence underscores the significant risk that biofilm infection poses to the non-healing DFU. Biofilms are estimated to account for 60% of chronic wound infections. In the biofilm form, bacteria are in a dormant metabolic state. Thus, standard clinical techniques like the colony forming unit (CFU) assay to detect infection may not detect biofilm infection. Thus, biofilm infection may be viewed as a silent maleficent threat in wound care.