Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Introduction Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication to hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures (FNF). Debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) is recommended in early PJI in association with stable implants. Few studies have evaluated the outcome of DAIR in this fragile population.The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors for PJI and the short-term outcome of DAIR in FNF patients treated with a hip arthroplasty. Methods A consecutive series of patients had been treated with either a total hip arthroplasty or a hemi hip arthroplasty for a displaced FNF at our institution. Data were retrospective analysed.

This is a performance study to test the sensitivity and specificity of the BioFire FilmArray Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) Panel. The purpose of this study is to prospectively collect and test residual Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and sputum specimens and generate performance data to support regulatory classification of the FilmArray LRTI as an in vitro diagnostic (IVD) in the US, European Union (EU), Canada, and other regions.

This is a retrospective multinational, multicenter cohort study with a nested case-control. The study includes all surgical procedures performed at a participating site to prevent bias. Data will be assessed in two populations. Cohort population: Export of electronic file data on demographics, surgical procedure ICPM code, duration of procedure, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, body mass index, comorbidity ICD codes, and wound class of all patients undergoing surgery. Nested case-control population: For patients establishing S. aureus SSI and 1:1 matched controls from the same center further data will be captured: Length of hospitalization, length of ICU stay and reason as well as attribution to SSI, survival at 30 and at 90 days, antibiotic treatments including duration, functional status at admission and at final discharge; necessity for surgical revision, and death attributed to SSI. If readmission is necessary, reason and attribution to SSI, length of hospitalization and length of ICU stay as well as all antibiotic treatments and their duration will be recorded. The cases causative pathogens including resistance patterns and type of SSI according to CDC criteria will be captured. Matching criteria comprise the following: Type of procedure Age ASA score BMI Duration of procedure (as percentile for this procedure) Diabetes Sex

The IDIS study aims to develop a new rapid diagnostic test for invasive salmonellosis using samples (blood, urine) collected from patients with fever and healthy controls at the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) and collaborating centers. The samples are collected after informed consent and/or assent is given by the participant and are stored in a -80 ⁰C freezer after processing (centrifugation and/or aliquoting). Basic information regarding the patient and the samples are coded and stored in a protected Microsoft Access database. The samples will be shipped to Belgium for proteomic analysis. Identification of Salmonella specific proteins in the samples will hopefully support the development of a rapid diagnostic test. Once this test has been developed, the samples will also be used for validation and evaluation of this test.

Cervical cancer is due to a persistent infection with a group of viruses known as high-risk Human Papillomaviruses (hrHPV). Viral DNA can be easily detected in a cervical sample by a procedure called 'HPV testing', which can be used as a relevant screening test. A pilot screening program called START-HPV has been set up in the Ardennes, a French administrative area localized in the North of France, with HPV testing as a primary screening test.This observational study aimed to evaluate hrHPV genotypes repartition in the population who participate in the START-HPV screening program. This study will allow a better knowledge of hrHPV infection epidemiology in a screened population.

Corynebacterium spp have been considered as innocuous commensals of human skin, but are now accepted as important opportunistic pathogens responsible for various nosocomial infections, especially implicating foreign materials. In particular, they accounted for up to 10% of prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and are mostly identified in chronic forms of bone and joint infections (BJI). However, little is known about the pathophysiological pathway implicated in Corynebacterium BJI, species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility, and the management of these difficult-to-treat clinical entities. This study aims to report a retrospective cohort of patients with Corynebacterium spp BJI, aiming to : i) describe microbiological characteristics of the implicated clinical isolates, including species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility (and especially according to previous antimicrobial exposure); ii) assess pathophysiological mechanisms associated with BJI chronicity, including biofilm formation and bone cell invasion, to better understand mechanisms of Corynebacterium spp and to evaluate their ability to distinguished colonizing and infective isolates; iii) describe the medical (nature and duration of antimicrobial therapy) and surgical management of these patients; and iv) evaluate the patient outcome according to this management strategy, and highlight risk factor for treatment failure in order to improve patient's management.

The determinants associated with severe outcome and death from Escherichia coli bloodstream infections (BSI) remain poorly understood. The epidemiology of E. coli BSI has recently changed dramatically with the global emergence of multiresistant strains producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL). Outcome is worse in case of ESBL-E. coli, which may be due to the intrinsic virulence of ESBL-E. coli or to a delayed adequate empirical antibiotic therapy because of multiresistance. Predicting the severity of an infection as soon as the initial clinical assessment is of major importance to provide the best care, while limiting unnecessary hospitalizations and costs. Yet, no simple clinical score exists to predict the severity of E. coli infections. In a translational approach, the investigators will include during a maximum of one year 500 adults with E. coli BSI hospitalized in 7 hospitals in the Paris area, France. Precise clinical data will be collected at inclusion and 28 days after inclusion or upon patient's discharge (if before day 28). The primary endpoint of the study is death from E. coli BSI at day 28. The first aim is to determine risk-factors for death at day 28, including clinical and bacteriological factors (determined by WGS) in the era of the global emergence of ESBL producing E. coli. The second aim is to determine virulence characteristics of ESBL strains both at the genome and phenotypic level thanks to a mouse model of septicaemia, and compare them to the clinical data. The third aim, will establish and evaluate a simple clinical severity score (named COLISCORE), in order to help clinician evaluate patients' severity upon initial clinical evaluation and particularly to detect patients at risk of severe outcome. The ultimate goal of this work is to have a clinical impact on patients' management, by understanding the determinants of patient severity due to E. coli BSI in the context of current major epidemiological changes.

The Zika (ZIKV) epidemic has spread into the three French Overseas Departments in the Caribbean (DFAs). It is therefore urgent to set up tools to collect clinical and paraclinical data for the evaluation of potential complications due to having ZIKV infection during pregnancy. This study is meant to collect, within usual care practices, clinical and paraclinical information which will allow the precise description of the consequences of ZIKV infection occurring during pregnancy.

Parvovirus B19 is a small virus that is the cause of "fifth" disease, a common infection in childhood. In people with sickle cell disease (SCD), parvovirus B19 infection causes the bone marrow to stop producing red blood cells temporarily, which can be life-threatening. A novel vaccine is currently in development for children with SCD. This study is the first step within a larger parvovirus B19 multi-institutional project that will help develop this new vaccine, as it will define the value and utility of using a novel assay for measurement of parvovirus-specific antibodies. The main objective is to investigate the relationship between the newly developed VP1u ELISA assay and the gold standard neutralization assay for parvovirus B19 infection. The most accurate test, called a neutralizing antibody assay, to see if a person has had or currently has the infection is very complex and expensive and would be very difficult to use in a large research study to test the new vaccine. A new and simpler test has developed. The main goal of this study, iSCREEN, is to find out if this new test works. There will be distinct labs performing the VP1u ELISA and the neutralization assays and the respective laboratories will not have access to each other's results for individual subjects. The VP1u ELISA will be performed at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Neutralization assays will be conducted at the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

Appropriate initial antibiotic treatment based on early diagnosis of etiology will improve the outcome of sepsis. The incidence rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, which are different between countries, will affect the accuracy of etiological diagnoses according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. Therefore the investigators determined the accuracy of the ATS criteria in predicting infection or colonization related to MDR bacteria in China.