Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The purpose of this study is two-fold. In the first phase, the goal is to characterize the stability of respiratory (nasal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, and throat swab; NS, NPS, TS) and stool (raw stool and rectal swab) specimens collected using various standard, medically established procedures with and without transport media and tested at various time points and under different temperature conditions, and also to look at variation between repeat sampling events. The intention is for these data to support decisions made by BioFire regarding the appropriate specimen type and handling guidelines for future tests. In the second phase of the study, collection and transport conditions identified in Phase 1 will be used to collect specimens for pilot performance evaluations of a new molecular diagnostic test.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens causing both community-onset and nosocomial infection. More worse, the emergency of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) had cause the clinical therapy be very difficult. However, there is not much empirical data as to the prevalence, risk factors, characteristics,outcomes and the rationality of the current therapy for the Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in China.Thus, the study was aimed to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors, characteristics, outcomes and the rationality of the current therapy for the Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in China.

Not all infectious agents have the same epidemic potential, and this can vary widely within the same species. Rapid determination of this potential is essential to optimize control of infectious diseases. It is now accepted that identification with the species is clearly insufficient to identify an epidemic and to carry out epidemiological analyzes. Indeed, if the same bacterial species can present a great diversity of strains, it is organized in clonal complexes having strong variations of clinical and epidemiological expression. More specifically, on a bio-epidemiological level, the clonal identification of the bacterial agent is a real asset because it can make it possible to identify the highly virulent strains or known to be resistant, the clones associated with nosocomial infections, the source of the infection. an epidemic and to follow its spatio-temporal extension, to know the epidemiological antiquity of the clone, to follow or rebuild a chain of transmission, to discover epidemic clusters. There are rapid identification techniques, for example by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), but which are targeted at particular genomic compositions previously identified. Routine bacterial identification now rests on the determination of the protein composition by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). The bacterial spectrum is compared to a reference library of protein composition, thus obtaining an identification equivalent to that based on the 16s RNA (ribonucleic acid 16s) and can descend to an infra-species level. The aim of this work is to use the proteome part of the MALDI-TOF spectrum to identify peaks that signal clonality and to determine proteomic fingerprintings that can be used for epidemiological and clinical purposes. Instead of relying on expensive genomic methods, the identification of the clonal characteristics of the strains will rely on the bacterial proteome present on the MALDI-TOF spectrum that is produced during the routine identification of the bacterium. The results are intended to feed a complementary knowledge base

This study is an observational study to collect stool samples from patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) to investigate the virulence mechanisms of C. difficile ribotypes in Hong Kong, mainly ribotype 002. No intervention is involved.

The study will identify the epidemiological and treatment profiles of acute peritonitis in Italy

This community-based cross-sectional survey will estimate the frequency and risk factors of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Hearing Impairment in Children ages 4-6 years in the Chikwawa District. These data will be useful for service planning, disease prevention efforts and to guide future research in this field.

Between 2009 and January 2016, the investigators included 49 patients from four hospitals in Lyon who had a Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) infection and who benefited of a knee arthroplasty revision with a rotating hinge prosthesis. This retrospective and descriptive cohort aims at studying the functional results after 2 years follow up.

Prospective, observational study of the microbiology of patients referred to a tertiary care center with severe acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar cellulitis, or infectious mononucleosis.

Whether university teaching on campus with infection control measures in place is associated with higher risk of COVID-19 than online instruction, is unknown. The investigators will assess this by conducting repeated surveys among students at universities and university colleges in Norway, where some instruction is given in-person, and some is provided online (hybrid model). The investigators will ask about the students' COVID-19 status, and how much in-person and online instruction the students are getting. The investigators will estimate the association between in-person instruction and COVID-19-risk using multivariate regression, controlling for likely confounders. The investigators will also assess whether type of instruction is associated with how satisfied the students are with the instruction the students are offered, their quality of life, and learning outcomes.

To externally validate the diagnostic accuracy and assess the clinical utility of a host-response based diagnostic tool called ImmunoXpert™, for differentiating between bacterial and viral etiologies in pediatric patients >3 months old with suspicion of Respiratory tract infection (RTI) or Fever without Source (FWS)