Active clinical trials for "Bacterial Infections"

This multi-center observational case-control study in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients is to identify novel biomarkers allowing to recognize severe community acquired pneumonia (sCAP) -associated sepsis at an earlier stage and predict sepsis-related mortality. Patients with sCAP (cases) will be profoundly characterized over time regarding the development of sepsis and compared with control patients. The mechanisms and influencing factors on the clinical course will be explored with most modern -omics technologies allowing a detailed characterisation. These data will be analysed using machine learning algorithms and multi-dimensional mathematical models.

This is a research study for patients who currently have or previously had an H. pylori infection or who have gastric or esophageal cancer and who plan to undergo an endoscopy as part of their care. The purpose of this study is to find out how and why H. pylori infections can cause progression to gastric cancer and if it's possible for intervention prior to this progression.

The goal of this prospective study is to compare rapid molecular technique BioFire Pneumonia Panel Filmarray and conventional culture-based methods in the microbiologic diagnosis on bronchoalveolar lavage of lung transplant patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: determine the microbiological concordance between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques on donor's bronchoalveolar lavage before lung transplantation determine the microbiological concordance between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques on recipient's bronchoalveolar lavage, performed 72 hours after lung transplantation determine the microbiological concordance between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques in detecting molecular resistance patterns determine the difference in time to microbiological results between molecular diagnostic and conventional culture techniques determine time to clinical decision based on molecular diagnostic techniques compared to conventional culture techniques

Infectious ano-rectitis is poorly described. Their epidemiology is poorly known, as are their clinical, diagnostic (diagnoses are regularly corrected in gastroenterology and new diagnostic tools are now available) and therapeutic aspects. Analysis of data from this large population of patients referred to the proctology center for suspicion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and / or Chlamydia trachomatis ano-rectitis will help identify risk factors and target prevention strategies and optimized therapeutic management.

Febrile infants under 3 months of age represent a high risk group for invasive bacterial infection (IBI) and UTI with approximately 10-20% having bacteremia, meningitis or urinary tract infection. The assessment of febrile infants is challenging, and current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance advocates a cautious approach with the majority of infants requiring a septic screen, parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics, and admission to hospital. Internationally there is significant variation in the approach to febrile infants with European and USA guidance advocating a tailored approach based on clinical features and biomarker testing. None of the available clinical decision aids (CDA) have been validated in a UK and Irish cohort. The main objectives of the FIDO study are to report performance accuracy of CDA in a UK (United Kingdom) and Irish population, and describe the aetiology of SBI in young infants. The FIDO study is a prospective observational cohort study of infants under 90 days of age with a measured fever greater than 38 Centrigrade within 24 hours of presentation. The study will run for approximately 12 months and recruit a minimum of 1000 participants.Symptoms, clinical features and laboratory results will be recorded on an electronic case report form (CRF) by the attending clinician.

Infections in critically ill patients are a major healthcare problem and an important source of morbidity and mortality. Since critically ill patients often have altered pharmacokinetics (PK) compared to non-critically ill patients there is a substantial risk that present standard dosing regimens of antibiotics lead to suboptimal outcomes for patients on the ICU or the ED. To prevent the risk of inadequate dosing in ICU patients, it is important to fully understand the PK of antibiotics in this vulnerable group in order to optimize the dosing regimens. With this study, the investigators will describe the pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime and amikacin in ICU and ED patients. A heterogeneous population of ICU and ED patients will be included to be able to find which factors might influence the pharmacokinetics of these drugs and to what extent. By using population modeling the investigators will simulate different dosing regimens and MIC values and compare probability of target attainment between each of these dose and MIC combinations. This will allow the investigators to optimize dosing regimens of cefuroxime and amikacin in critically ill patients.

NeoDeco is a pragmatic, multicenter, parallel group, cluster randomised hybrid effectiveness-implementation study with baseline assessment, wash-in period and staggered randomisation. All sites will be offered the implementation support for optimised Kangaroo Care (KC) as part of the study; however, intervention sites will be randomised to immediate receipt of implementation support whereas standard care sites will be offered this after the study period.

With the aim to pilot a full-scaled trial to reduce unnecessary antibiotics in women with suspected uncomplicated urinary tract infections, twenty general practices in Bavaria, Germany, will be randomized to deliver patient management based on phase-contrast microscopy and urinary dipsticks or to usual care. Primary endpoints are recruitment and retention rates.

This protocol describes the challenge non-typhoidal Salmonella (CHANTS) study. This is a first-in-human phase 1, double-blinded, randomised, dose-escalation human infection study, conducted in healthy volunteers aged 18 to 50 years. The primary objective of the study is to perform a dose escalation with two strains (ST19 or ST313) to determine the infectious dose required for 60-75% of volunteers to develop Salmonellosis using a composite diagnostic criterion. The secondary objectives of the study are to describe and compare the clinical and laboratory features following controlled human infection. It is hoped that the successful establishment of an NTS human challenge model can be used in the future to test candidate vaccines for NTS disease.

Progressive destruction of the lungs is the main cause of shortened life expectancy in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Inflammation and respiratory infections play a key role in CF lung disease. Previous studies have shown that an increase in inflammatory markers predicts structural lung damage. Close monitoring of pwCF is crucial to adequately provide optimal care. Pulmonary management for pwCF involves treating infections and exacerbations and promoting exercise and mucociliary clearance to slow or prevent structural lung damage. To evaluate the treatment and incite timely interventions it is important for the pulmonary physician to be well-informed about the condition of the lungs. The main monitoring tools in regular CF care are lung function, sputum cultures, symptom reporting and more recently imaging by chest computed tomography (CT-scan) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Strangely enough, there are currently no monitoring tools used in clinics to measure inflammation in the lung, although this is a main factor for progressive lung disease. New highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) such as elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor [ETI, Kaftrio®] is transforming CF treatment, vastly improving lung function and reducing exacerbations. Initial CFTR modulators like ivacaftor and lumacaftor/ivacaftor also improved lung function and reduced exacerbations, but studies showed that lung inflammation was still present. The long-term impact of ETI and its effect on inflammation is not yet known. Thus, monitoring pwCF on HEMT may be different from before, as lung damage seen on chest CT will be less apparent and lung function will improve considerably, therefore not being adequate markers for subtle changes in the lungs. Thus, the focus of monitoring in the era of highly effective CFTR modulators needs to change preferably focusing on measuring lung inflammation. An ideal monitoring tool for lung inflammation in pwCF should be non-invasive, efficient, and provide accurate and sensitive results. Currently, sputum and BAL are the most common methods for assessing inflammation, but BAL is invasive and sputum may not always be available. Exhaled breath analysis by the electronic nose (eNose) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) shows promise as a non-invasive monitoring tool. Other promising markers and techniques are inflammatory markers in the blood (cytokines and micro-RNA (miRNA)) and urine. Thus, the objective of this project is to design novel, minimally invasive monitoring techniques capable of identifying lung inflammation in pwCF undergoing highly effective CFTR modulator therapy (ETI) compared to those not using CFTR modulators. The efficacy of these innovative techniques will be evaluated and verified against inflammatory markers in sputum, spirometry, and validated symptom and quality of life scores.