Active clinical trials for "Meningococcal Infections"

A fever and a non-blanching rash is a relatively common reason for a child to attend an emergency department. A fever and a non-blanching rash can be an early sign of a life-threatening infection known as meningococcal disease. The aim of the PIC study is to determine how best to diagnose early meningococcal disease in children. In particular the investigators are interested in researching how quick bedside tests can be used to do this.

Survivors of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) experience a range of mild to severe sequelae that impact upon their quality of life. The majority of studies to date have focused on the impact of IMD on childhood and very little is known about the impact of the disease on adolescents and young people. The aim of this study is to assess the physical, neurocognitive, economic and societal impact of IMD on adolescents and young adult Australian survivors. Hypothesis: Adolescents and young adult survivors who are 2 to 10 years post IMD have significantly poorer outcomes including intellectual functioning and quality of life when compared to healthy controls. IMD imposes a significant financial burden upon individuals, families and society. Serogroup B disease is associated with an increased risk of sequelae when compared to non-B serogroup IMD. Study design: This a multi-centre, case-control mixed-methods study. Survivors of IMD (retrospective and prospective cases) and non-IMD healthy controls will be invited to participate in the study. Retrospective IMD cases admitted in the previous 10 years will be identified through each of the participating hospitals (paediatric and adult hospitals). During the course of the study prospective recruitment of IMD cases will also occur at participating hospitals. Meningococcal foundations/groups will also be approached and asked to advertise and conduct a mail out to their members to inform them about the study. Healthy controls will be prospectively recruited by "snowballing technique" whereby enrolled IMD cases will be asked to distribute a study information sheet to their healthy friends/acquaintances who are approximately the same age. Control participants may also be identified from databases at each participating site or through community advertising. Enrolled cases will undergo a neurocognitive, psychological and physical examination 2 - 10 years post IMD admission. A subset of IMD cases will be invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Controls will also undergo neurocognitive, psychological and physical examination.

Bexsero™ is a four component serogroup B meningococcal vaccine (4CMenB) licensed in Europe, Canada, and Australia in 2014. Prelicensure studies and post marketing surveillance data showed that 4CMenB has a high reactogenicity especially when coadministered with other infant routine vaccines [1-2]. While this suggests that coadministration causes an interaction resulting in a greater risk of adverse events following Immunization (AEFI) only the AEFI after the 4CMenB dose and not those occurring after routine vaccine immunizations were reported, underestimating the total risk associated with immunization at separate visits. For financial and practical reasons, coadministration of infant vaccines is preferred to separate visits. Separate visits may however be preferred if the sum of the AEFI risk at each visit is significantly smaller than the risk with coadministration and/or if the AEFI has a lesser severity. The purpose of this study is to recalculate the risk of occurrence and severity of AEFI with the coadministration of Bexsero™ and routine vaccines compared to separate injections to assess the interaction occurring with co-administration. Investigators will also estimate the risk of recurrence of AEFI at subsequent immunizations with the 4CMenB and assess if this risk varies with separate or coadministration with routine vaccines. To achieve these purposes, investigators will perform a secondary analysis of the data of three randomized controlled trials (clinicaltrials.gov identifiers: NCT00657709, NCT00847145 and NCT00721396) that evaluated 5025 children aged 2 to 14 months of whom 4535 were randomized to receive 3 to 4 doses of 4CMenB concomitantly or alternatively with routine vaccinations (DTaP-Inactivated polio virus -HepatitisB/Haemophilus influenzae type b [Infanrix Hexa™], Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, 7 valent [Prevenar™] or Measles-Mumps-Rubella-Varicella vaccine [Priorix-Tetra™]) [1,2].

This safety surveillance study of GlaxoSmithKline's quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine (Meningococcal quadrivalent CRM-197) among children 2 months through 23 months of age is a post-marketing study required by the United States Food and Drug Administration. It is an observational study of children 2-23 months of age who receive at least one dose of MenACWY-CRM vaccine at a Kaiser Permanente Southern California facility (KPSC) while enrolled as a KPSC health plan member. The objective of the infant study is to describe medical events that require emergency room visit or hospitalization in 6 months following MenACWY-CRM vaccination in children 2-23 months of age in a health maintenance organization in the United States. Outcomes include medical events that require emergency room visits or hospitalizations in children 2-23 months of age following any dose of MenACWY-CRM vaccination. Events with a history of the same diagnosis prior to the first dose of MenACWY-CRM vaccination will be excluded as a pre-existing condition.

Although most US adolescents visit their primary care doctor, their immunization rates are low. Primary care practices from two networks, one in upstate New York as well as a national network of pediatric clinics were surveyed to ask what they thought was the best strategy to increase immunization rates. Point-of-care prompts (either by an electronic health record message or by a nurse) when an adolescent patient comes in for any type of visit and is due for a vaccine was chosen. This study will determine if these prompts will increase immunization rates after a 12-month intervention period.

The purpose of this US FDA post-marketing commitment study is to evaluate the safety of MenACWY-CRM among 50.000 vaccinated adolescents within a large US Healthcare Maintenance Organization who received MenACWY-CRM vaccination as part of their routine clinical care. The pre-specified 26 events of interest are events commonly evaluated in vaccine safety studies and include certain neurological, immunological, vascular, musculoskeletal and hematologic disorders. All events are collected retrospectively.

This is a passive-surveillance study that will accrue subjects for surveillance. For each accrued subject, surveillance for outcomes will continue for six months following the first dose. If a second dose is given within that time, then surveillance will be continued for six months following the second dose. Observational Objective: To describe and characterize adverse events occurring after vaccination with Menactra vaccine.

A previous cohort of 93 clinical trial participants received quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, which includes strains ACW and Y, in their teenage years. The vaccine also contains components of diphtheria and tetanus which are linked to the meningitis components, in a process called conjugation, to improve their effectiveness. Participants are now aged 19-25 and will be invited to take part in this study, which will assess antibody persistence over time. This will provide information about the duration of protection by relating current antibody levels to those measured in the previous study, and will underpin the national immunisation schedule in providing optimal immunisation schedule. As well as the meningitis antibodies the investigators will assess diphtheria and tetanus antibody levels. The study will involve a single blood test of up to 8mL. Participants will be informed of their results and any with an antibody level that does not infer protection against strain W will be offered an extra dose of vaccine as part of a duty of care. The study will involve a single blood test of up to 8mL. Participants will be informed of their results and any with an antibody level that does not infer protection against strain W will be offered an extra dose of vaccine.

4CMenB was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States in January 2015 for people aged 10 through 25 years of age. 4CMenB should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and sometimes, inadvertent exposure during pregnancy may also occur - before the woman knows she is pregnant, for example. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety of 4CMenB during pregnancy and to help us learn more about the health of women who have been vaccinated with 4CMenB within 30 days prior to their last menstrual period (LMP) or at any time during pregnancy, and the health of their infants. Pregnant women within the US who received at least 1 dose 4CMenB vaccine within 30 days prior to their last menstrual period or at any time during pregnancy are eligible to participate. A woman may self-enroll in the registry by calling the pregnancy registry telephone number directly or their healthcare provider (HCP) can, with their consent, enroll them on their behalf. Alternatively HCPs may report anonymous data on pregnancy exposures and outcomes occurring within their network/health maintenance organization (HMO). The health of the woman and her infant will be followed up until the end of the pregnancy.

To determine the persistence of protective antibody levels for subjects who seroconverted after vaccination with NmVac4-A/C/Y/W-135-DT™ Participants in trial # JN-NM-002, who seroconverted for serogroups A and C will be contacted and asked to provide a blood sample at 12-24 months after vaccination with NmVac4-A/C/Y/W-135-DT. Serum Bactericidal Assays will be performed to evaluated duration of protective antibody titer for NmVac4-A/C/Y/W-135-DT for all four serogroups. To determine if subjects who seroconverted with lower titers retain protective levels of antibody (titer ≥:8) at 12-24 months after vaccination.