Active clinical trials for "Respiratory Tract Infections"

Patients who have undergone lung transplantation are at an increased risk of developing chest infections due to long-term medication suppressing the immune response. In other chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and bronchiectasis, inhaled, nebulised mucolytic medication such as dornase alfa and isotonic saline are often used as part of the management of lung disease characterized by increased or retained secretions. These agents act by making it easier to clear airway secretions, and are currently being used on a case-by-case basis post lung transplantation. To the investigators knowledge, these agents have not been evaluated via robust scientific investigation when used post lung transplant, yet are widely used in routine practice. Patients post lung transplant must be investigated separately as they exhibit differences in physiology that make the clearance of sputum potentially more difficult when compared to other lung diseases. Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of hospital re-admission post lung transplant. Therefore, this highlights the need for a randomized controlled trial. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of dornase alfa, compared to isotonic saline, in the management of lower respiratory tract infections post lung transplant. Investigators hypothesize that dornase alfa will be more effective than isotonic saline. The effect of a daily dose of dornase alfa and isotonic saline will be compared over a treatment period of 1 month. Patients admitted to hospital suffering from chest infections characterized by sputum production post lung transplant will be eligible for study inclusion. Patients will be followed up through to 3 months in total to analyze short-medium term lasting effect. Investigators wish to monitor physiological change within the lung non-invasively via lung function analysis whilst assessing patient perceived benefit via cough specific quality of life questionnaires. These measures will be taken at study inclusion and repeated after 1 month and 3 months. Day to day monitoring will be performed via patient symptom diaries, incorporating hospital length of stay and exacerbation rate. The outcomes of this study have the potential to guide clinical decision-making and highlight safe and efficacious therapies.

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of J022X ST for prevention of Recurrent Upper-Respiratory Tract Infections (RURTI) compared to placebo in children of younger age who develop infectious diseases more frequently than other children of this age in general.

This will be a randomized, placebo-controlled, single blind study to investigate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of GSK2140944 following repeat oral doses in healthy adult subjects. The study will include a Screening period (40 days), Treatment period (16 days) and a Follow-up period (26 to 30 days). A single dose will be administered on Day 1 for characterization of single dose PK, followed by twice-daily (BID) or thrice-daily (TID) dosing on Days 3 to 16. Subjects may only be randomized to one cohort per the randomization schedule. Up to 6 cohorts will be enrolled using a sequential panel. Subjects in Cohort 1 will receive GSK2140944 (6) and placebo (2). Subsequent cohorts will enroll 16 subjects such that 12 subjects will receive GSK2140944 and 4 subjects will receive placebo, per dose level according to the randomization schedule. Dose escalations are planned to run in successive weeks. Cohort 2 may begin dosing once subjects in Cohort 1 have completed 7 days of BID dosing, PK data is reviewed and safety data from at least 6 subjects is available. Each subsequent dose escalation will commence only when GSK2140944 safety data and available PK data of at least 12 subjects dosed at the previous dose level have been reviewed. The number of cohorts may be reduced or expanded if needed. The first planned dose is 400 milligram (mg) BID but may be modified based upon emergent PK, safety and tolerability data from ongoing clinical study BTZ115198 evaluating single and repeat intravenous (IV) doses of GSK2140944. The projected dose for Cohort 2 is 800 mg BID, Cohort 3 is 1500 mg BID, Cohort 4 is 2300 mg BID or 1500 mg TID and Cohort 5 and cohort 6 will be decided later. The planned maximum dose is 2500 mg TID but may be modified based upon emergent safety, tolerability and PK data. Doses of GSK2140944 or placebo will be administered following a moderate fat meal.

This trial is a pilot study to determine the feasibility of a randomized clinical trial comparing a treatment algorithm consisting of a limited number of clinical parameters, rapid molecular viral diagnostics, and serum procalcitonin testing to standard of care for directing antibiotic use in patients with non-pneumonic lower respiratory tract infection. The reduction in antibiotic use in those subjects randomized to the treatment algorithm compared to those randomized to standard care will be determined.

The study is designed to meet regulatory requirement outside the US. The dosing regimen and assessments timepoints were dictated by immediate release (IR) guaifenesin (GGE) and do not match approved Mucinex labeling in the U.S. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Mucinex is effective and non-inferior as compared to placebo and immediate release guaifenesin in the treatment of symptoms of acute upper respiratory infections. This design was required based on EU regulatory guidance.

A multicenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative Phase II / III clinical study to assess safety, tolerability, efficacy and optimal dose ranging of XC8 vs. placebo in patients with uncomplicated influenza or other ARVI during a 5-day treatment. The primary objective of the study was to demonstrate the difference in time before the onset of a sustained improvement in clinical symptoms according to the Severity Rating Scale for ARVI, and to determine the optimal dose of XC8 in the treatment of influenza and other ARVI.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase I clinical study of the safety and tolerability of increasing doses of drug XC221 after single and repeated oral administration in healthy volunteers. The volunteers received the study drug once, and then continued daily intake for 5 days after a 6-day break. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability profile for drug XC221 after single and multiple administration based on the frequency and severity of adverse events and changes in vital signs, laboratory results, electrocardiography and results of the physical examination. The secondary objective of the study was to assess pharmacokinetics of active pharmaceutical substance XC221GI and its metabolite XC221A.

There is no evidence that discontinuing antibiotic therapy for non-bacterial infections is safe. The main objective of this study is to determine whether discontinuation of antibiotic therapy when a clinician no longer considers it necessary makes any difference in terms of the number of days with severe symptoms. This is a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled clinical trial. The study will be conducted in ten primary care centres in Spain. We will include patients from 18 to 75 years of age with uncomplicated acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in whom: antibiotics are not necessary; or those diagnosed with clinical conditions for which antibiotics might be necessary but according to the history and clinical examination the physician considers that antibiotics are not needed or the patient feels that the antibiotic regimen has not worked as expected; or several doses of an antibiotic have been taken from leftovers found in the household or obtained at the pharmacy without any medical prescription for a clinical condition for which antibiotics are not necessary. The patients will be randomly assigned to the usual strategy of continuing antibiotic treatment (usual intervention group) or discontinuing antibiotic therapy (novel intervention group). A sample size of 215 patients per group was calculated on the basis of a reduction of one day in the duration of severe symptoms as a clinically relevant outcome. The primary outcome will be duration of severe symptoms, i.e. symptoms scored 5 or 6 by means of a symptom diary. Secondary outcomes will include: antibiotics taken, adverse events, patient satisfaction, and complications within the first 3 months.

Purpose of the study: To assess efficacy of Anaferon for children liquid dosage form in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. To assess safety of Anaferon for children liquid dosage form in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections.

Single-arm, single-center, Phase I/II clinical trial, in four groups. Individuals with HIV infection taking Efavirenz (EFV) and two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) who have undetectable (Groups 1 and 2) or detectable (Group 3 and 4) HIV viral load and an indication for TPT, will be switched to DTG with tenofovir/emtricitabine (Groups 1 and 2) or lamivudine/tenofovir (Groups 3 and 4). Group 1 and 2 will receive weekly HP for 12 total doses starting 8 weeks after initiating DTG. Individuals who are on an existing DTG-based plus two NRTI ART regimen for at least eight weeks (and have not received efavirenz or nevirapine for at least two months) who have an undetectable HIV viral load may also participate. Individuals with HIV infection who are ART treatment naïve at any HIV viral load level and have an indication for TPT will start DTG and be enrolled to receive standard IPT (Group 3) or HP (Group 4) initiated at the same time as DTG. Group 3 and 4 will be enrolled after follow up of Group 1 and 2 has been completed.