Active clinical trials for "Staphylococcal Infections"

The zNose® MRSA test is a non-invasive breath test for markers of Staphylococcus aureus, which may predict the probability of bacterial organisms in the anterior nares, throat and respiratory tract, wounds, and anus and therefore be able to replace or supplement current active Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) surveillance efforts. It consists of: A collection apparatus for collection of volatile compounds from suspected infection sites onto a sorbent trap or Tedlar bag, as well as for the collection of a separate sample of room air. Analysis of the volatile organic compounds from suspected infection sites and room air by short acoustic wave gas chromatography. Interpretation of the volatile organic compounds with a proprietary algorithm in order to predict the probability of Staphylococcus aureus infection and colonization. This study will test the hypothesis that we can identify the presence of MRSA by sampling the "head space" above culture media of anterior nare samples provided by patients with MRSA. Additionally, this study will test the hypothesis that we can identify the presence of MRSA by sampling air exhaled through the nostrils (nasal exhalant).

The purpose of this investigation is to study the relationships between antimicrobial stewardship program efforts, antimicrobial drug use, and infection control efforts to the incidence rates of hospital acquired infections with Staphylococcus aureus in a sample of US academic medical center hospitals.

The intent of this study is to: Define the prevalence of MRSA carriage in the pediatric population in Kansas City. Systematically define patient risk factors for MRSA carriage and infection. Characterize the unique genetic characteristics of MRSA strains, both community acquired (CA) and healthcare associated (HCA) that are present in the different pediatric populations.

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus belonging to the human commensal cutaneous flora, and has been little studied in the field of prosthetic joint infections. However, it shares many virulence traits with Staphylococcus aureus, including many adhesins and its ability to form biofilm, and the few series of cases reports a significant failure rate.

1.To assess whether the Elution swab (ESwab) is superior to Amies transport swabs for the detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) in colonized patients and to determine whether nasal cultures alone is sufficient for detection of MRSA isolates in hospitalized patients. 2.To assess patient comfort in the use of the ESwab vs. Amies Transport swab for screening patients for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of T helper 17 cells (Th17) in the pathogenesis of MRSA infections.

To study whether fluoroquinolone (trovafloxacin or levofloxacin), added to standard treatment, could reduce the high mortality and complication rates in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

To establish the clinical test performance characteristics of sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for direct detection of nasal Staphylococcus aureus colonization against clinical microbiology laboratory culture methods.

This was a prospective study performed between November 2011 and September 2013. Patients with a confirmed S. epidermidis infection after fracture fixation or prosthetic joint infection were included. Exclusion criteria included infections involving external fixation pins, infections without any implanted hardware and culture positive patients not displaying any clinical sign of infection. The following surgical parameters were documented: affected bone or joint; type of implant; time between implantation of the device and onset of symptoms. Personal characteristics and patients'health status were also documented. Any revision surgeries involving the site of interest and all isolated pathogens were recorded throughout the course of treatment and follow-up. A follow up examination was performed an average of 26 months after discharge. Primary outcome at follow up was cure. Cure was define by the authors as: missing local (at site of interest) or systemic signs of infection, terminated surgical and systemic therapy and restoration of joint or limb function. At the first surgical procedure after enrolment, at least four deep bone biopsies were taken from the interface between implant and affected bone. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of all growth was performed. Multi-drug-resistance (MDR) was defined according to the definitions of the European Committee of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Biofilm formation was analysed and quantified in microtitre plate assays according to protocol of Stepanovic et al.(see references).

The purpose of this study is to identify bacterial and/or clinical features involved in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus implant-associated infections (IAI). Materials & methods: In total, 57 IAI S. aureus and 31 nasal carriage (NC) S. aureus isolates were studied. Staphylococcus aureus genetic background was obtained by microarray analysis. Multilocus sequence typing was performed to determine clonal complexes (CC). Biofilm production was investigated by resazurin and crystal violet methods