Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was created to replace surgical gastrostomy in patients who are needed long-term tube feeding. PEG has less severe complication rate or mortality rate compared with traditional surgical gastrostomy. However, there are still some mild complications which cannot be completely prevented and peristomal infection is the most common one. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) exhibits broad range of microbicidal activity via increasing the solubility of iodine. In our study, the gastrostomy feeding tube will be coated with a layer of Betadine before PEG technique. Investigators expect gastrostomy feeding tube coated with Betadine will reduce the oropharyngeal, esophageal and gastric bacteria colonization rate, followed by reducing peristomal infection rate.

Events occurring in the early stages of life play an important role in the development of chronic diseases; diet and lifestyle during pregnancy are recognized to be crucial determinants in modulating offspring microbiota, throughout a vertical transfer of dysbiotic maternal ambient. Moreover, the intestinal colonization is maximized in the first two years of life through newborn's type and time of feeding. This study will provide the starting point for a future prospective observational study to assessing the association between maternal lifestyle with infant microbiota and their influence future health.

Investigators plan to perform a review of medical records a single urology department to identify patients with febrile perioperative infection who underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion for bladder cancer from January 2014 to July 2017. Investigators plan assess a potential variables to find correlation with infections after surgery. Characteristics, including age, sex, length of hospital stay, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), preoperative hydronephrosis, smoking status, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathological stage, lymph node involvement, types of urinary diversion, operative method (open/laparoscopic), operative time and receipt of a perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) will be asses as potential risk factor for perioperative infection.

This study evaluates antibiotic serum concentrations in correlation with perioperative fluid balance. Patients will be recruited in rectum and esophageal surgery (representative for low blood loss and restrictive fluid management) and in liver surgery (representative for high blood loss and liberal fluid management). The hypothesis is that high blood loss and liberal fluid management dilute antibiotic serum concentrations thereby potentially increasing surgical site infections.

This is a prospective surveillance study to estimate excess deaths due to and risk factors associated with antibiotic-resistant infection among patients with hospital-acquired infection (HAI) in a resource-limited setting. We will focus on six pathogenic bacteria that are of clinically important in the hospital.

This is an epidemiological, retrospective and observational study, by reviewing clinical histories, of children hospitalized for influenza virus infection, their comorbidities and the treatments that have been performed

Data on the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) for other vulnerable groups in Madrid, such as homeless persons and migrants, are scarce, and it is now necessary to implement intervention and elimination plans. Vulnerable groups have poor access to healthcare and are therefore not systematically screened for HCV. On the occasions they are shown to be positive, subsequent follow-up in the health system and the possibility of cure are poor. The use of a mobile unit to approach vulnerable populations is essential for better characterization of risk behaviors and of the magnitude of HCV. The integration of healthcare personnel in mobile units enables counseling on prevention and intervention when needed. Primary objective Evaluate the impact of the HCV care cascade on vulnerable populations who gather at hot spots in Madrid (shantytowns, homeless shelters and places were street prostitution is practiced) by means of a multilevel outreach project. SURVEILLANCE: Active screening for HCV among vulnerable individuals in populations with a high prevalence of HCV will be carried out in hot spots in Madrid, namely, Cañada Real shanty town, mobile harm reduction units, institutions providing social assistance, public areas, homeless shelters and places where street prostitution is practiced. An agreement with the Madrid Council (MCC) is under way to provide social centers for HCV screening. A mobile unit will approach the hot spots following a predefined schedule. The mobile unit consists of a van adapted for the project and a car. HCV screening of vulnerable individuals will be performed by a nurse and an educator hired specifically for that purpose. Active HCV screening and prevention in vulnerable individuals should be a priority and a responsibility shared by both the MCC and the SERMAS (Servicio Madridleño de Salud). The investigators plan to establish an agreement with public health authorities to give continuity to this project and to carry out proactive HCV screening through integration with various centers and networks dependent on the MCC and SERMAS. The project will establish the foundations of integrated cooperation between an HCV clinic in a hospital setting and harm reduction units and other resources and networks dependent on the institutions mentioned above. As has been observed with other interventions, the functional objective of this project is to provide continuity of care from the institutions. Study Duration (in months) 12 months.

The purpose of this study is to assess how clinicians apply guidance in the assessment of febrile infants presenting the the Emergency Department. The measurable outcomes are: Primary Objective Report the rates of serious and invasive bacterial infections in febrile infants Secondary Objectives Report on the predictive value of different clinical features for predicting bacterial infections. Report on the value of biomarkers for predicting serious and invasive bacterial infections. Assess the performance of clinical practice guidelines for the assessment of febrile infants.

The present study was a prospective randomized controlled trial in which subjects received a vaginal preparation with povidone-iodine solution immediately prior to caesarean delivery or received no vaginal preparation

Retrospective reports from literature have shown a lower rate of infections for transperineal versus transrectal approach for prostate biopsies in the setting of prostate cancer suspicion. The aim of this study would be to compare in a prospective randomized trial the rate of infection with transperineal versus transrectal approach.