Active clinical trials for "Infections"

A higher frequency of recurrences in the University Hospital of Cabueñes (HUCAB) than in other hospitals in our area, including Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA) has been found. This increase does not seem to be related to underlying diseases, age, sex or predisposing factors classically described in this type of infection. This high rate of recurrence, together with the absence of response to all conventionally used antibiotic treatments, has important repercussions in the morbidity and mortality of patients, in the ecology of the hospital due to the risk of transmission of a strain of major severity and in the high costs associated with an increase in the hospitalization days of these patients, as well as in an eventual transfer of these to other structures specialized in fecal transplantation. Two hypotheses are proposed to explain the higher frequency reported: Hypothesis 1. There are alterations of the microbiome in patients with severe recurrences that favor the appearance of these. Hypothesis 2. The circulating strain in the hospital has intrinsic characteristics that make it more virulent, such as the presence of virulence or multiresistance factors. For this reason we design a descriptive, prospective multicentric study that will include all patients older than 18 years diagnosed with C difficile infection at the Central University Hospital of Asturias and the University Hospital of Cabueñes during the year 2020-2021

Project is designed as a comprehensive population-based epidemiological study in Upper-Silesian Conurbation (Poland) aiming at: analysis of available data on incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 and estimation of the occurrence of viral infection SARS-CoV-2 as revealed by the results of serological test (ELISA: IgM, IgG), with assessment of risk factors. The project's objectives are: to assess incidence and mortality due COVID-19 according to sex, age and coexisting diseases; to determine the level of potential "underdiagnosis" of the magnitude of COVID-19 mortality using vital statistics data for Upper-Silesian Conurbation; to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 based on the level of seropositivity in Upper-Silesian Conurbation; to identify host-related and environmental risk factors if the infection. Analysis of existing data will include monthly records on incidence and mortality over the period 01.01.2020-31.12.2020 and comparison of the findings with the monthly records of 2018 and 2019, for the same population. Cross-sectional epidemiological study will be located in three towne (Katowice, Sosnowiec, Gliwice). In each town a representative age-stratified sample of 2000 subjects will undergo questionnaire assessment and serological examination performed by serological test. The project corresponds with analogous population-based studies on COVID-19 in a number of countries and responds to the WHO recommendation in that field.

According to the Polish governmental statistics migration of people from Ukraine to Poland is growing and only in year 2020 have come to Poland about a quarter of a million of Ukrainian migrants. As well, more than 40% of those diagnosed with HIV infection in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) in 2018 were also migrants, originating from countries with generalized HIV epidemics, such as Ukraine. Antiretroviral treatment should be started, based, among others, on epidemiological data and evidence of presence of drug resistance mutations in a the population.

It is speculated that in adult patients with COVID-19 blood type A is associated with the worst outcome, while blood type O is associated with mild symptoms.To our knowledge, there has been no such a study investigated ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group types in children with COVID-19 infection yet. Therefore, the study aimed to examine if such a correlation exists in children infected with COVID-19.

Invasive mold infections (IMI) mainly affect patients with hematologic malignancies receiving intensive chemotherapy or after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Prolonged neutropenia after remission induction chemotherapy (>10 days duration) and continuous immunosuppression in the context of prevention or therapy of graft versus host disease (GVHD) for HSCT recipients (first 100 days post-transplantation and thereafter if GVHD is present) are considered as periods at high risk of IMI. Posaconazole prophylaxis is prescribed according to current guidelines to reduce the occurrence of IMI. Nevertheless, breakthrough IMI (bIMI), i.e. IMI occurring under mold-active prophylaxis, are still observed. The investigators hypothesized that the epidemiology of bIMI (under posaconazole prophylaxis) differs from that of IMI occurring in the absence of mold-active antifungal prophylaxis. Because bIMI are rare events since the introduction of posaconazole prophylaxis, epidemiological data of bIMI are scarce. This study aims to i) describe the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment and outcome of bIMI, ii) assess the causes of bIMI, iii) determine potential risk factors associated with the developllement of bIMI iv) assess the impact of bIMI on overall mortality. Design Retrospective and prospective, observational, case-control, multicenter, international study. The retrospective part will enroll previously identified bIMI cases and control cases (1:2) over the last five years: October 1st 2015 to September 30st 2020. The prospective part will enroll bIMI cases and control cases (1:2) occurring over a two-year period: October 1st 2020 to September 30st 2022. Setting The aim is to enroll 10 to 15 European centers with dedicated units for hematologic cancer patients. Currently, six centers have confirmed their participation (from Switzerland and Germany). Study Population Adult (≥ 18 years old) patients with a hematologic malignancy receiving posaconazole prophylaxis during induction, consolidation or re-induction chemotherapy or after HSCT. Cases : patients receiving posaconazole prophylaxis for at least 7 days and diagnosed with bIMI proven or probable according to EORTC-MSGERC. Controls: patients receiving posaconazole prophylaxis for at least 7 days, without diagnosis of bIMI possible, probable or proven according to EORTC-MSGERC. The objective is to enroll about 100 bIMI cases and 200 controls.

In this observational study, 60 subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and eligible, as per good clinical practice, for therapy with SGLT-2 inhibitor, will be randomized to receive a SGLT-2 inhibitor or a fixed dose combination of SGLT-2 inhibitor with a DPP4-inihibitor for 12 weeks. Measures will be performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment, as per good clinical practice.

The VRS (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) study group in Lyon is a working that aims to understand, predict and prevent the burden of disease caused by human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants. Incidence of RSV-associated hospitalization in the first year of life was estimated at 14.5 (95% CI 13.4-15.6) per 1000 births in a cohort study in Lyon, France. Related direct medical annual costs were estimated for this cohort at 364,269€, mostly attributed to children born during the RSV season (231,959€) and children born premature (108,673€). This study will combine existing hospital specimens and databases to determine the respective role of socio demographic factors, clinical risk factors, level of cord specific antibody at birth, and virus characteristic in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Hospitalization outcome in Infants. Regarding the introduction of a new RSV vaccine and RSV-specific neutralizing antibodies, these data are of prime importance to guide future vaccine policies.

This study aims to investigate the changes in the microbiota at different body sites in late pregnancy, in comparison with non-pregnant women, with particular emphasis on archaea, and to identify possible maternal-to-child transfer routes for acquisition of strictly anaerobic microorganisms by analyzing the gut microbiota of new born infants (delivered vaginally or by C-section).

During revision spinal surgery for aseptic indications, there remains a concern that the failure may have resulted from undetectable subclinical infection. In the common revision indications of hardware loosening and adjacent segment disease it is possible that bacterial colonization and low-grade infection precipitated the failure event. There is also significant controversy on the role infectious processes have in the development of degenerative disc disease (modic changes). In particular, this study will investigate whether discogenic colonization with Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) can be associated with modic changes. Whereas, in surgery for known spinal infection, epidural abscess and septic revisions, it is possible that standard culture techniques fail to detect polymicrobial flora or accurate speciation. This may lead to inappropriate antibiotic management that is not addressing the range of pathology present. There remains an incomplete understanding of the role that subclinical infection plays in aseptic spinal revision surgery and degenerative disc disease

The primary goal is to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) urine viral particles in patients in intensive care units, hospitalized for coronavirus Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) infection, and correlate the presence of the virus in the urine with proximal tubular dysfunction (defined by the association of at least 2 abnormalities: tubular proteinuria, renal phosphate leak, uricosuria, normoglycemic glycosuria, amino aciduria)