Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

PP4001 is a medication not yet approved by the US FDA. This is a phase 2, multi-center, randomized, double-blind study of 3 doses of PP4001 versus placebo in the treatment of symptoms associated with uncomplicated urinary tract infection. After the screening, patients are randomized to receive one of three doses of PP4001 or placebo. Patients are screened and randomized on the same day, and take 4 doses of study drug, one dose every 12 hours. Data about uncomplicated urinary tract infection symptoms are collected from the subjects on electronic handheld devices throughout the 48-hour study period. The primary endpoint is burning during urination.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the HIV vaccine MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef followed by treatment interruption can increase immune system function in adults with acute or recent HIV infection who have started taking anti-HIV drugs.

This study is to determine whether antibiotic therapy is needed for patients with non-life threatening soft tissue infections. Most patients with these soft tissue infections are presently treated with antibiotics. Many of these infections resolve without proper antibiotic treatment. Treatment of patients with antibiotics after surgical drainage of an abscess may not be necessary and indiscriminate use of antibiotics may lead to colonization by drug-resistant organisms. Subsequent infection by drug resistant organisms may limit the choice of antibiotics in more complicated infections. A comparison between antibiotic treatment and no antibiotic treatment in surgically treated, uncomplicated soft tissue infections is needed to address this very important question.

Leukocyte depletion of autologous whole blood prior to storage does not reduce infection rate (wound, urinary tract, other), use of antibiotic treatment and length of hospital stay but may increase retransfusion perioperatively during hip arthroplasty and allogenic transfusion rate

This is a phase 3b/4 randomized, open-label, comparative, multicenter study of the safety and efficacy of tigecycline to ceftriaxone sodium plus metronidazole in hospitalized subjects with cIAI (Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection). Subjects with clinical signs and symptoms of cIAI will be included for enrollment. Subjects will be stratified at randomization for Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation scale (APACHE II) score < 10 and > 10. Subjects will be followed for efficacy through the test-of-cure assessment. Safety evaluations will occur through the treatment and post-treatment periods and continue through resolution or stability of the adverse event(s).

This is a proof of concept (POC) single arm study of GW640385, a protease inhibitor, in combination with RTV and 2 or more nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) backbone. This study has a 48 week duration and is open to both treatment naive and experienced patients who are HIV positive. There are 3 intensive pharmacokinetic (PK) visits.

All surgical procedures carry with them the risk of infection. Even a minor infection can extend the hospitalization after cardiac surgery. The average minimum increase in length of stay for a single infection is three days. One of the many means used to reduce post-operative infections is the preventative, or "prophylactic", administration of antibiotics just before and just after surgery. Because antibiotics, and for that matter surgery itself, alter the body's natural immune and inflammatory responses and the makeup of the bacteria in the intestine, there is a great deal of scientific interest in using the supplementation of bacteria that naturally reside in the intestine. It is felt that by doing so, the alterations in the immune response may be corrected and the patient better able to fight infections. There are studies using probiotics that have demonstrated a reduction in infection rates in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Subjects will be patients at high risk for infection including those with any one or more of the following characteristics: over 65 years old, poor heart function (ejection fraction <40), diabetes (insulin dependant or non-insulin dependant), peripheral vascular disease, kidney dysfunction (creatinine level >2mg/dl), obesity (body surface area > 2 m2), low serum protein levels (albumin < 2.5 mg/dl), infection of the heart valve (endocarditis), or on any antibiotics other than standard prophylaxis before surgery. The safety of these products has been very well established. Patients who consent to enter the study will receive the synbiotic mix, or a placebo, which comes in a powder that may be mixed with a drink, or washed down into the stomach through the NG tube if the patient is still on a ventilator. Dosing will be initiated within four hours of patient arrival in the Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit and will continue on a twice daily basis for the duration of their admission days. Infection and diarrhea data will be monitored.

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical response rates of doripenem versus a comparator antibiotic in treatment of hospitalized patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections.

The purpose of this study is to assess the microbiological cure rate of doripenem in the treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis. The study will also characterize the safety and tolerability of treatment with doripenem in patients with complicated urinary tract infection or pyelonephritis.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of the experimental drug Bay 50-4798 in HIV positive patients receiving HAART and to test the drug's effect on the CD4+ T-cell count.