Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

The diagnosis of infectious endocarditis is not always easy and is based on several clinical and imaging arguments. Positron Emission Tomography - Computed Tomography (PET-CT) has been validated for endocarditis on prosthetic valves but few studies concern the native valves. The purpose of the study is to estimate the diagnostic sensitivity of [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET-CT in patients with endocarditis on native valves according to the European Society of Cardiology 2015 (ESC 2015) modified diagnostic criteria of infective endocarditis classified as definite at three months of follow-up (baseline test).

The scientific community is in search for novel therapies that can help to face the ongoing epidemics of novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) originated in China in December 2019. At present, there are no proven interventions to prevent progression of the disease. Some preliminary data on SARS pneumonia suggest that inhaled Nitric Oxide (NO) could have beneficial effects on COVID-19 due to the genomic similarities between this two coronaviruses. In this study we will test whether inhaled NO therapy prevents progression in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 disease.

This study aims to assess the efficacy of Povidone Iodine (Betadine®) irrigation of subcutaneous tissue prior to skin closure in reducing the incidence of surgical site infection after elective caesarean section and post discharge.

Subjects who are planned to undergo an abdominal (colon) surgery and who will meet the study entry criteria will be randomly divided into 2 groups: for half D-PLEX will be administered concomitantly with the standard of care (SOC). The other half will receive the Standard of Care treatment. Following the surgery subjects will be followed up for additional 5 visits, at least half are in line with the routine practice of surgery Follow-Ups. Visits will include patient safety and wound assessments.

The objective is to conduct a prospective, sham controlled, double-blinded, interventional crossover trial to compare standard terminal cleaning plus PX-UV (intervention) with standard terminal cleaning plus sham PX-UV (control) with crossover at 12 months, following a 6-month washout period. Outcome measures include the rates of HAIs, as well as the recurrence of genetically identical clinical strains of HAIs among patients on study units. The study will be conducted in 2 hospitals covering 16 total hospital units at Detroit Medical Center. Our central hypothesis is that the addition of PX-UV to standard terminal cleaning will be associated with a significant reduction in the rate of HAIs, as well as a reduction in the recovery of genetically identical strains of MDROs. The impact of PX-UV disinfection on rates of HAIs on study units will be determined by comparing rates of HAIs on a) study units where PX-UV is added to standard terminal cleaning practices to b) units where a sham UV disinfection system is added to standard terminal cleaning; and by comparing rates of HAIs on the same medical ward during each of two 12-month phases of a crossover study (one phase when a PX-UV device is added and one when a sham device is added to standard terminal cleaning). The long-term goal of this project is to establish the efficacy of terminal cleaning plus PX-UV in reducing rates of HAIs due to the following multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs): C. difficile, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii. At the conclusion of the proposed project, novel data will be generated from this rigorously controlled study regarding the effectiveness of PX-UV in reducing HAIs in a representative, real-world healthcare setting.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety of posaconazole intravenous solution in Chinese participants at high risk for invasive fungal infections. Neutropenic participants undergoing chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes will be enrolled in the study. The primary hypothesis is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of intravenous (IV) posaconazole (POS) solution in Chinese participants at high risk of invasive fungal infections and determine the percentage of Chinese participants who reach steady-state concentration averages of POS in blood plasma of 500 ng/ml and higher. Two subgroups were evaluated: Subgroup 1 from serial PK blood draw sampling and Subgroup 2 from sparse limited PK blood draw sampling.

A trial to assess cumulative incidence of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in infants (by three months of age) born to mothers receiving a single-dose of 2 grams of oral azithromycin during labour (or immediately prior to delivery in the case of caesarean section), compared to infants whose mothers received placebo.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of MEDI8897 compared to palivizumab when administered to preterm infants entering their first RSV season and children with chronic lung disease (CLD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) entering their first and second RSV season.

Phase III, Prospective, Multinational, Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Two-arm, Double Blind Study to assess Efficacy and Safety of D-PLEX Administered Concomitantly with the Standard of Care (SoC), compared to a SoC treated control arm, in prevention of post abdominal surgery incisional infection.

This is a phase 2a, open-label, randomized study. The study is designed to test the hypothesis that the nucleoside inhibitor sofosbuvir combined with NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir and NS5B non-nucleoside inhibitor CDI-31244 with/without the protease inhibitor asunaprevir will result in high SVR rate with a shortened treatment duration (2 weeks) in non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 1b-infected subjects.