Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

The study is a two-arm controlled multi-centre trial of two strategies to reduce nosocomial MRSA transmission and infection among surgical patients. Enrolment and primary analyses will be performed at the hospital level. A total of ten adult surgical departments with at least 3 surgical subspecialties each will participate in the study. Sites of the study are located in 9 countries (UK, France, Spain, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Serbia, Greece and Israel). The primary objective is to determine the effect of an early MRSA detection & decolonization & isolation strategy compared to an enhanced standard control strategy on healthcare-associated MRSA isolation rates among surgical patients at risk of MRSA carriage, who are hospitalized for at least 24 hours.

The purpose of this study is to determine if the daily intake of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri prevents antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and related Clostridium difficile infections in children and adolescents.

The primary safety objective of this study is to assess the safety of 10 mcg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in the Chinese health neonates. The primary immunogenicity objective is to assess the antibody response following 3 doses immunization of the 10 mcg experimental dose and 10 or 5 mcg control dose, Participants will include up to 1740 healthy neonates. This is a randomized, double-blinded, Phase III study. This study is designed to investigate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of 10ug recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (yeast). Subjects will be stratified by the mother with positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg, positive for the surface antigen but negative for HBeAg, negative for the HBsAg and HBeAg and HBeAb and HBcAb. Stratified 1: There are 180 neonates born to the mother with positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg will be randomized into two groups according to the ratio of 2:1. 120 subjects will receive the 10 mcg experimental vaccine and 60 subjects will receive 10 mcg control vaccine respectively. Stratified 2: There are 360 neonates born to the mother with positive for HBsAg but negative for HBeAg will be randomized into two groups according to the ratio of 2:1. 240 subjects will receive the 10 mcg experimental vaccine and 120 subjects will receive 10 mcg control vaccine respectively. Stratified 3: There are 1200 neonates born to the mother with negative for the HBsAg and HBeAg and HBeAb and HBcAb will be randomized into 3 groups. 600 of them will receive the 10mcg experimental vaccine. 300 subjects will receive 10mcg control vaccine. And the other 300 subjects will receive 5mcg control vaccine. The recombinant hepatitis B vaccine will be administered at m0, 1 and 6. Following each immunization, safety will be measured by assessment of adverse events through 30 days following each vaccination, serious adverse events and new-onset chronic medical conditions through 6 months post the final vaccination (Day 180 after last vaccination). For the immunogenicity testing will apply the chemiluminescence immunoassay on serum obtained on the day 0, 210 and 360 after born.

The primary objective of this trial is to demonstrate the equivalence, in terms of immunogenicity, of three different industrial lots of the investigational vaccine thereby supporting consistency of the manufacturing process. Secondary Objectives: Immunogenicity To demonstrate that the investigational vaccine induces an immune response at least as good as the one induced by the reference vaccine, in terms of antibody titers. To assess the immunogenicity of the investigational vaccine using parameters defined in the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) Note for Guidance (CPMP/BWP/214/96). Safety: To demonstrate that the investigational vaccine is at least as well tolerated as the reference vaccine, in terms of defined safety profile. To describe the safety profile after vaccination. Comfort of the vaccination assessment: To assess the pain immediately after the injection using a Verbal Rating Scale. To describe the vaccination comfort after the injection using a -Patient-Reported Outcome questionnaire: the Vaccination Comfort Questionnaire.

The overarching goal of this project is to determine whether mind-body practices such as meditation or exercise can reduce the public health burden of acute respiratory infection. A major secondary goal is to determine whether mindfulness meditation or moderately strenuous exercise can enhance immune processes such as antibody response to influenza vaccination (flu shots). Finally, we want to investigate the influence of stress, optimism, anxiety and positive and negative emotion on immunity and resistance to respiratory infection.

This study is designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine in healthy adult volunteers. Primary Objective: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine. Observational Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of an investigational Pneumococcal vaccine.

The study investigated the immune response induced by the Group B streptococcus vaccine in healthy pregnant women. In addition, the study investigated the amount of vaccine induced antibodies which were transferred to the newborn.

This study is designed to explore the safety and tolerability of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine through a step-down enrollment. Primary Objective: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine. Secondary Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of an investigational pneumococcal vaccine.

This partially-blind, placebo controlled study is a Phase 1b study using an investigational vaccine, NDV-3, directed against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida sp. This study will compare NDV-3 administered with or without alum delivered intramuscularly (IM) at one dose level. It will also evaluate a lower dose of NDV-3 without alum delivered intradermally (ID) compared to placebo delivered ID.

Use of long-term central venous access devices (including tunneled lines and ports) can be associated with development of bloodstream infection caused by build-up of bacteria or fungus on the inside of the device, called central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). This infection generally requires hospital admission and antibiotic therapy. This treatment usually helps eradicate the infection but sometimes it is not possible to clear or it comes back after treatment. Also, once someone has had one line infection the chance of getting another one is higher. This study will test whether treatment and secondary prophylaxis of CLABSI with ethanol lock therapy (ELT) can significantly reduce the risk of treatment failure (comprising failure to clear initial infection, relapse or reinfection) in children and adolescents treated for cancer or hematologic disorders or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). ELT involves injecting a solution of ethanol and water into the line or port, allowing it to dwell for 2 hours, and then withdrawing the solution.