Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) compared with primary closure (PC) in surgical site infection (SSI) prevention for laparotomy for peritonitis.

The goal of this type of study: clinical trial is to determine the effectiveness of educational practices on catheter-associated infection control measures on surgical nurses. The main question it aims to answer are: Is there a difference between the knowledge and attitude levels of surgical nurses receiving and not receiving catheter-related infection control training on preventing peripheral and central catheter-related bloodstream infections? Is there a difference between the knowledge and attitude levels of surgical nurses receiving and not receiving catheter-related infection control training to prevent catheter-related urinary tract infections? The main tasks that the participants will be asked to do will be explained and their consent will be obtained. The two research groups will be compared.

Investigate the effect of dietary supplements/probiotic ASTARTE™ ( L. crispatus, L. rhamnosus, L. jensenii, L. gasseri) on the microbiome composition in the intestine and vagina and thereby a reduction of risk factors for the development of rUTI during 6 months of intervention in women aged 18-40 years. This is measured by the incidence of symptomatic UTI.

To evaluate the colonization efficacy (the ability of a probiotic bacteria to remain in the mouth) delivered in a chewing gum format. The chewing gum contains Streptococcus salivarius probiotic and the study is to be done in health adults.

The objective of this study is to understand the effects of HIV cure strategies on the virus and immune cells that reside within the gastrointestinal tract. Subjects receiving therapies with the potential for HIV cure will undergo a colonoscopy to obtain gastrointestinal tissue for research assays. This study will test whether receiving these therapies will induce changes in the immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce the tissue-associated HIV viral levels.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the colonization efficacy of probiotic toothpastes in healthy adults

The aim of this study is to test saliva samples obtained from healthy human participants for anti-viral activity after they have consumed S. salivarius probiotic in a powder format.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) make about 31% of all nosocomial infections and they are the most common hospital-acquired infection. For foot and ankle elective interventions, SSI rate is reported between 0.4% and 3.6%. This study will investigate the effectiveness of skin cleaning with isopropyl alcohol and scrubbing with chlorhexidine soap before standard skin preparation in reducing microbial load and surgical site infections for elective foot and ankle surgeries. Current standard of care includes skin preparation with iodine or chlorhexidine solution prior to sterile draping and the start of surgery. Standard of care will be applied to all patients. The use of an additional "pre-scrub" with isopropyl alcohol and scrubbing with chlorhexidine soap will be applied to the experimental group. The control group will receive only the standard of care skin preparation with iodine or chlorhexidine solution prior to draping.

This study will examine whether moderate alcohol use in the context of HIV infection exacerbates inflammatory signaling in the immune system and brain. The study will recruit healthy individuals and people living with HIV infection who are otherwise in good health to participate. Participants will complete an experimental protocol that involves controlled alcohol administration and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Primary outcomes are plasma biomarkers of inflammation and MRI markers correlated with neuroinflammation. Results will advance understanding of the effects of alcohol use in people living with HIV infection.

Temocillin (6-methoxy-ticarcillin) is a beta-lactam antibiotic with exceptional resistance to most beta-lactamases. In this context, it is now increasingly used as carbapenem-sparing antibiotic in patients with suspected infection by Enterobactreriaceae suspected to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Little is known about dosing and elimination of temocillin in children. While available literature of temocillin use in paediatrics refers mainly to its clinical efficacy in the treatment of urinary tract infections, the drug is also used for the treatment of suspicion of cholangitis in cirrhotic paediatric patients, and as antibiotic prophylaxis following an hepatic transplant in children (both off-label indications). There is, therefore, a pressing need to explore the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of temocillin in the paediatric population, in order to provide clear guidance on an appropriate dosing regimen. The study objectives are: (1) characterisation of the pharmacokinetics (PK) of temocillin in 3 paediatric populations, (2) proposal and development of a dosing schedule that can ensure therapeutic concentrations (40% ƒT > MIC) and optimize treatment chances of success, and (3) characterization of MICs of microbiological strains (when available) to temocillin.