Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Respiratory Viral Infections (RVI) are particularly frequent in young children. Old data mention the deleterious role of some viruses such as the Respiratory Syncytial Virus in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, recent epidemiological data on RVI in CF children are rare and the impact of most frequent viruses such as human rhinoviruses is usually not correctly evaluated. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of lower and upper RVI during a 1 year follow-up in CF infants and to evaluate the impact of RVI at a clinical, microbiological and therapeutic level. Our hypothesis is that frequent and/or clinically severe RVIs have the worst impact in the short term and without any particular link with a specific virus as previously described.

The purpose of this study was to use participant samples to simultaneously evaluate three nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) diagnostic platforms.

ASPIRE-SSI is a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study among adult surgical patients, which aims to determine the incidence of healthcare-associated S. aureus infections, particularly S. aureus surgical site infections (SSIs), across Europe and to assess the most important risk factors for this type of infection.

The serum procalcitonin levels are important during infections and sepsis. The investigators aimed to assess its predictive value in terms of post-cesarean wound infection.

The study is an observational blinded Validation study in pediatric patients below 3 years old with a diagnosis of Fever Without Source (FWS). In this study the investigators aim to validate the performance of a proteomic signature aiding the physicians to discriminate between viral and bacterial infections in febrile children. The study will also assess the prevalence of Human Enteroviruses (HEV), Human Parechoviruses (HPeV), Adenovirus (AdV) and Human Herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) viremia, as well as Kingella Kingae bacteremia in the study cohort.

Background: Inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main causes for the increase of antibiotic resistance strains. In Denmark general practice accounts for 90% of all prescribed antibiotics and one of the most common reasons for prescribing antibiotics is the suspicion of a urinary tract infection (UTI). The use of point-of-care test is meant to decrease the uncertainty about the bacterial origin of the symptoms; however, there is a paucity of knowledge about the validity of the different diagnostic approaches, thus impacting on the proper use of antibiotics. Objective: To assess the diagnostic validity of different diagnostic approaches in patients with a suspected urinary tract infection and assess the impact on appropriate use of antibiotics. Methods: 70 practices at the capital region will consecutively include 15-20 patients. The inclusion criteria of the patients comprise: a) Suspected Urinary tract infection, b) > 18 years of age, c) patient consulting during office hours. Data at patient and GP level will be gathered. 16 diagnostic approaches will be compared and proper use of antibiotics will be assessed as a two-step process. The first step is the decision made during the consultation and the second step is the decision made after the consultation. Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values will be measure for each diagnostic approach using urine culture as a gold standard. The impact on proper use of antibiotics will be assessed in a hierarchical multivariable logistic model.

Most literature on ICU infections and the resistant patterns comes from the western literature. This data may not truly reflect the incidence, epidemiology and resistance patterns in developing countries such as India. However, empiric antibiotic therapy is generally initiated using western guidelines. This can potentially lead to inadequate, inappropriate and ineffective empiric antibiotic therapy for ICU infections in the Indian setting. Hence in this multi-center observational study, we seek to: To determine the incidence of ICU-related infections (VAP, CAUTI and CRBSI) in India To explore the microbiology, resistance and treatment patterns of these infections

This proposal focuses on highly lethal destructive tissue infections, i.e. necrotizing fasciitis and other necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs), which are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The fulminant course of NSTIs demands immediate diagnosis and adequate interventions in order to salvage lives and limbs. However, diagnosis and management are difficult due to heterogeneity in clinical presentation, in co-morbidities and in microbiological aetiology. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel diagnostics and therapeutics in order to improve outcome of NSTIs. A comprehensive knowledge of diagnostic features, causative microbial agent, treatment strategies, and pathogenic mechanisms (host and bacterial disease traits and their underlying interaction network) is required for an improved diagnosis and management of NSTIs. The current proposal is designed to obtain such insights through an integrated systems biology approach in patients and experimental models. The project is based on a prospective NSTI patients cohort including a clinical registry to document clinical data and treatment strategies, combined with an isolate and biobank collection. The samples will be analyzed through advanced bioinformatics and computational modelling work flow to identify and quantify pathogen signatures and underlying networks that contribute to disease outcome. One aim is to translate clinical and systems biology data into development of novel diagnostics.

The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence, incidence and genotype of anogenital HPV infections in women before and after renal transplantation. With this information the investigators can determine the value of vaccination in patients waiting for renal transplantation in the future.

Evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single booster dose of NU300, co-administered with Prevnar 13® over a 28 day period following the injection compared to a single booster of ACTHIB co-administered with Prevnar 13® over a 28 day period following the injection. Evaluate the immunogenicity, as determined by anti-PRP polysaccharide response, of a single booster dose of NU300 co-administered with Prevnar 13® compared to a single booster dose of ActHIB® co-administered with Prevnar 13®. Evaluate the individual IgG antibody quantitative response to the 13 antigens in Prevnar 13® following NU300 co-administration with Prevnar 13® compared to the IgG antibody response to the pneumococcal polysaccharides following ActHIB® co-administration with Prevnar 13® 28 days following injection.