Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Samples will be collected to determine human genetic variation, fecal and oral microbial communities, and metabolome products. Several evolutionary and ecological diversity metrics will be distilled to test: a) if microbiome variation within each ethnicity is less than that between ethnicities; b) if microbiome variation is finely structured according to genetic relatedness; and c) if dietary variation impacts human genome x microbiome associations.

ANRS-EP38-IMMIP is a non interventional study. A single blood sample (30 mL) was drawn during a hospital visit for clinical follow-up. Immunological assays were performed on fresh blood. Cells and plasma were stored and kept frozen for additional biological evaluations. Patients are included in the French perinatal cohort (ANRS CO-10), or have been followed since before 1996 in the same clinical sites as patients who belong to ANRS CO-10. In the ANRS CO-10 cohort, all patients are prospectively followed from birth.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether silver alginate (Algidex) patch is effective in the prevention of central line infections in very low birth weight infants.

RATIONALE: Gathering information over time from laboratory tests of patients with newly diagnosed malignant supratentorial astrocytoma may help doctors learn more about the effect of treatment on white blood cell count and the risk of infection. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying blood samples and risk of infection in patients with newly diagnosed malignant supratentorial astrocytoma.

This is a study to evaluate the safety of tigecycline in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) and complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI) under real practice in the usual hospital setting and patients' conditions, in order to assess the "real incidence" of adverse events related with tigecycline in these patients.

In this observational study, the NICHD Neonatal Research Network (NRN) is conducting surveillance of all infants born at NRN centers to identify all newborns who are diagnosed with early-onset sepsis (EOS) and/or meningitis. The study will: establish current hospital-based rates of EOS among term and preterm infants in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; monitor the organisms associated with EOS and meningitis; compare asymptomatic and symptomatic infants by gestational age and pathogen; and monitor sepsis-associated mortality rates by pathogen group.

The primary objective of this study is to identify any changes on the safety profile of adverse events and serious adverse events. And the secondary objective is to evaluate clinical response in the clinically evaluable population at test-of cure (TOC) or at the end of treatment (EOT) assessment, and microbiologic response at the subject level, if available.

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) are a problem for postmenopausal women. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of lactobacilli in combination with low dose estriol for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women.

Published data by the Organización panamericana de la Salud shows that Peru's mortality rate from acute respiratory infections (ARI) in infants less than one year of life is second only to Haiti (14,150/100,000). Government data reports shows a marked increase of RSV infections in Peru. "Instituto Nacional de Salud" (Peru's National Institute of Health) reports between January 1st to February 26th 2006, 62% of their positive samples corresponded to RSV. Epidemiological data from Lima-Peru, demonstrates that there is no specific season for RSV infection although some data suggest an increase in RSV activity during cold months (May to September; INS data). Clinical studies show that giving five doses of Synagis (palivizumab) resulted in serum concentrations > 30 ug/mL for >20 weeks. The aim of this post-marketing observational study is to determine the RSV hospitalization rate in high-risk infants who received Synagis (palivizumab) through the Social Security Hospitals in the context of routine clinical practice.

This study will look to see if there are changes in the blood cells that are associated with bone disease and sort out effects that are due to the HIV virus itself, the medications and see if faster aging occurs in the cells of HIV infected persons. Bone disease will be measured by a special X-ray called a DEXA scan. A DEXA scan is used by doctors to see if someone has normal bone mass for their age or if there is thinning of the bones. The purposes of this study are: to learn how common bone disease is in HIV infected patients over the age of 50 years that receive their care at the CORE Center to see what are the common causes of bone disease in older HIV infected persons to see if there are differences in blood cells and levels of cytokines in patients who do or do not have bone disease, as this may help researchers determine the cause of bone disease.