Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

This study will assess the efficacy of oral vancomycin prophylaxis in preventing recurrent Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized patients requiring oral or intravenous antibiotics for a suspected or confirmed bacterial infection.

This is a controlled open label efficacy study of Aionx antimicrobial surface for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections.

The primary purpose of this study is to support the development of a host response test for acute respiratory illness to identify bacterial, viral or NB/NV etiologies as compared to a clinical adjudication reference standard. Secondary objectives include: Evaluate the effect of age on the performance of the HR-ARI test Evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity on the performance of the HR-ARI test Evaluate the effect of geography on the performance of the HR-ARI test

perform a study in VigiBase® to assess if clozapine was associated with an over-reporting of infections and to characterize those infections. The investigators also decided to assess the dose dependency associated with those infections.

Background: During hip replacement surgery, there is a risk that bacteria in the operating room can cause an infection. To try and reduce this risk, some operating rooms use a special system called laminar airflow (LAF), which reduces the number of bacteria in the air. However, it's not clear if LAF is better than the older system, called turbulent airflow (TAF), for preventing infections. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the two airflow systems and see if LAF is better at preventing infections after hip replacement surgery. Methods: Information from a database containing all hip replacement surgeries done in Denmark between 2010 and 2020 is examined. The number of infections that occur in surgeries done with LAF, which reduces the number of bacteria in the air during surgery, is compared to the number of infections that occur in surgeries done with TAF. To make the results more credible, the data from the hip register was combined with data from the bacterial cultures taken during surgery. Use and relevance: Infections after hip replacement surgery can be very serious and expensive to treat. Hospitals need to choose the best airflow system to help prevent these infections. This study is important because it gives more accurate information about which system is better at preventing infections and can help hospitals make better choices when they are designing or renovating operating rooms.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the transmission of respiratory diseases and the correct wearing of masks, as well as the factors affecting the correct wearing of masks. The research is beneficial to the prevention of respiratory diseases and moves the barrier of prevention and control forward. It is of great significance to COVID-19 's practical prevention and control.

In 2017, the French Society in anesthesia and reanimation published new recommendations on intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Now, no more than 48 hours of antibiotic prophylaxis applies to any otolaryngology surgery, regardless of patient's medical history or type of flap used to rebuild. This has resulted in an alignment of our local protocol in Croix-Rousse hospital. However, after few years, our local impressions are that bone flap surgeries are very likely to provide surgical site infections (osteo-articular or non-osteo-articular infections). The prejudice of these postoperative site infections is significant, with serious consequences,. of both functional and aesthetic sides. We wanted to objectify this impression by retrospectively analyzing the data relating to patients operated on for bone flapsurgeries. Knowing the operation site infection rate after surgery for otolaryngology bone flap surgery will allow us to objectively understand the infectious risk of these surgeries, in particular the risk of osteoarticular infection. Identifying operation site infection factors will allow us to better target and prevent them. The goal is to find out if the antibiotic prophylaxis currently recommended is sufficient and effective for this type of surgery.

While many people with COVID-19 suffer from respiratory disease, there is growing evidence that the virus also affects other organs. The purpose of this study is to better understand the effects of COVID-19 on the lungs and other organs. The study investigators have developed new techniques in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to scan the lungs, heart, brain and liver. The study investigators hope to learn more about how the virus causes inflammation in these organs and how this inflammation changes over time as people recover from COVID-19 illness. The study aims to enroll 228 people in Alberta. Participants will undergo one or more MRI scans and have blood testing at one or more time points to assess for inflammation, kidney function, liver function and possible heart injury. Participants will also undergo testing to assess sense of smell, cognition (thinking and memory), spirometry (breathing test for lung function) and and exercise tolerance (walk test). The study investigators hope this study will help us learn more about the long-term risks of COVID-19 disease.

This study seeks to identify and test host RNA expression profiles as markers for infections in young infants. Preliminary studies have shown high sensitivity and specificity for the discrimination of bacterial from non-bacterial infections in children, but the method has only been investigated in a limited number of young infants. The study aims to include 65 young infants with serious bacterial infections. The samples will be analysed by RNA sequencing. New diagnostic tools may help reduce unnecessary antibiotic treatment, antibiotic resistance, side-effects, hospitalisation and invasive procedures.

This is a prospective cohort study evaluating acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of integrating HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) into a sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic alongside assisted partner notification and etiologic STI testing in Lilongwe, Malawi.