Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a bacteria which causes severe infections and leads to deadly diseases such as rheumatic heart disease which kills over 300,000 people a year globally, particularly in low-income countries. It is not know how GAS is spread between people, how often people carry GAS in their throat or on their skin without having symptoms, or what factors increase the chance of this occurring. It is important to understand these factors in order to know how to reduce GAS-related disease. This study will follow 444 people in The Gambia, over 12 months, taking samples from the throats and skin of people living in the same households, and asking questions about themselves and their behaviour, at regular intervals. By taking samples over time, the investigators hope to understand how common it is to carry GAS without having symptoms, how GAS is spread between people, and whether carrying GAS leads to more GAS infections in people or their household members. The study will use state-of-the-art techniques to look at the DNA of GAS bacteria that we find, and combine this with a mathematical model to investigate how different strains spread to people within and between households in the community.

The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of TrueLoo™, an Internet-connected smart toilet seat, in accurately monitoring and logging bowel movements and urinations of residents in senior living facilities across Northern California.

This study is planned to reveal the occurrence rate of H.pylori infection in ambulatory settings' patients in Russia and to compare the occurrence rates in different years in treatment-naïve and previously treated subjects.

Hospital-acquired bloodstream infection (BSI) is serious care problem worldwide associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, only few nationwide studies have focused on the incidence of BSI, and its results were often inconsistent. The objective of this study was to analyze bloodstream infections in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the tertiary, university hospital. Special attention was put on the etiology of the infections, the antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance of the isolated pathogens, as well as the incidence of central vein catheters infections in the analyzed population. Data were collected in the intensive care unit of the Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, between January, 1, 2007 and December, 31, 2019.

Bloodstream infections are frequent in children admitted to the hospital for severe febrile illness in sub-Saharan Africa.Ongoing blood culture surveillance at Kisantu Hospital showed non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) as the first cause of bloodstream infections in children. Bloodstream infections have a high case fatality (15 - 20%). Outcome of bloodstream infections is dependent on timely diagnosis and treatment. However, observations at Kisantu Hospital showed that many children arrive late and die early after admission. By interviewing caregivers of severely ill children admitted to Kisantu Hospital, the investigators aim to study their health itinerary, i.e. the sequence of all actions of health care seeking and care provision between the onset of febrile illness and the admission at the hospital. The investigators aim to assess the health itinerary according to the "three delays" model. The three delays model studies delays and practices at the level of health care seeking, of transport and of start of antibiotic treatment.10 Visits to referring health centers will provide complementary information about diagnosis, treatment and referral practices. In hospital follow-up will allow to assess the outcome according to the duration of health itinerary. The results of routine laboratory tests upon hospital admission will allow to stratify the health itinerary according to fever etiology. The results of this study will allow to understand the duration of the health itinerary, its possible association with case-fatality, and factors explaining for delays at every level. This information is expected to orient local health policy makers towards interventions shortening the duration of the health itinerary and in that case improve and monitor the referral system. In addition, the study results are expected to orient towards further research to understand health seeking behavior (i.e. focus-group discussions and community-based studies).

The study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of alveolar and blood NETosis in patients under mechanical ventilation and treated for an acute low-respiratory tract infection. The main outcome is the occurrence of an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) according to the Berlin definition.

Mandibular osteitis after flap reconstruction is rare but is a serious infection with significant sequelae. The aim of this study is to describe this type of infection

Since December 2019, a new agent, the SARS-Cov-2 coronavirus has been rapidly spreading from China to other countries causing an international outbreak of respiratory illnesses named COVID-19. In France, the first cases have been reported at the end of January with more than 60000 cases reported since then. A significant proportion (20-30%) of hospitalized COVID-19 patients will be admitted to intensive care unit. However, few data are available for this special population in France. We conduct a large observational cohort of ICU suspected or proven COVID-19 patients that will enable to describe the initial management of COVID 19 patients admitted to ICU and to identify factors correlated to clinical outcome.

In December 2019, the first patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) were diagnosed in Wuhan. The clinical presentation and course of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is poorly understood in older patients and is certainly different from the general population. This project is designed to better understand and to determine clinical, biological and radiological markers of poor adverse outcomes in hospitalized older patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Observational study on the reduction of catheter-related Infections by use of self-disinfecting venous and arterial access caps (Curos caps ;3M, Saint Paul, MN, USA)