Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

On 11 February 2020, the International Committee for the Classification of Viruses named the disease caused by SAＲS-CoV-2 infection in humans as the new coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19). People infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are affected by their underlying diseases and are listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a high-risk population of SARS-CoV-2 infection.To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in those patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection , and to guide the COVID-19 vaccination more scientifically, reasonably and effectively, this study was carried out.

Surveys administered to subjects who have recovered from COVID-19 to assess how effective their treatment was.

Given the magnitude of the epidemic in Puerto Rico, congenital Zika virus infection may have devastating complications to a significant population of children, also affecting families and society at large. This proposal takes a critical first step to ensuring that children with exposure to congenital Zika virus infection receive the follow-up care they need for optimal clinical outcomes. We anticipate that lessons learned from this study may also positively impact models for adherence to early intervention services in Puerto Rico.

This clinical trial is destinated to evaluate if the periodic screening for deep venous thrombosis by ultrasound of lower extremity in patients with intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID 19 impacts on mortality, ICU stay and total lenght of stay in the hospital, along with other outcomes.

The aim of this study is to determine the outcomes when using ertapenem for complicated urinary tract infections in the OPAt setting. The study hypothesis: Ertapenem is an efficacious and safe therapeutic option for complicated urinary tract infections in the OPAt setting.

HIV induced altered representation and function of regulatory T cell subsets (NKT and Treg cells) impair the protective T cell response against M.tuberculosis and disrupts LTBI, thus facilitates faster progression and development of severe forms of clinical TB in HIV-TB co-infection.

Sepsis is a common cause of morbidity and death in intensive care units. Clinical and laboratory signs of systemic inflammation, including changes in body temperature, tachycardia, or leukocytosis, are neither sensitive nor specific enough for the diagnosis of sepsis. The diagnosis of sepsis is difficult, because clinical signs are unspecific. These signs include tachycardia, leucocytosis, tachypnoea, and pyrexia, which are collectively termed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). SIRS is very common in critically ill patients, being found in various conditions including trauma, surgery, burns, pancreatitis, post-cardiac arrest syndrome, cardiac surgery. Microbiological culture can be used to distinguish sepsis from non-infectious conditions. However, this method lacks sensitivity and specificity, and there is often a substantial time delay. So these signs can also be misleading because critically ill patients often present with the systemic inflammatory response syndrome without infection. This issue is of paramount importance, since therapy and outcome differ greatly between patients with and those without sepsis; clinicians are often prone to overuse antibiotic therapy being afraid of not treating a potential infection or superinfection. Moreover, the widespread use of antibiotics for all such patients is likely to increase antibiotic resistance, toxicity, and costs. On the opposite, any delay in administration of antibiotics can be extremely detrimental for the infected patient with an exponential increase of the odd ratio for death. Search for early biomarker tools for the diagnosis of infection, initially promising, are quite challenged and controversial nowadays because they can be more related to the inflammation response, irrespective to the insult. Furthermore up to 40% of the infections remain strongly suspected but not bacteriologically documented. Persisting researches are ongoing to find new markers to better discriminate SIRS related to infection process from to SIRS not related to infection. Cytokine profiles using multiplex analysis seems more related to the severity of the SIRS than the trigger of the SIRS (infectious or non infectious diseases). Thus, new tools have been developed to identify bacteria by detecting their DNA by various techniques. These techniques have many potential interests over conventional microbiologic tests by decreasing turnaround time (within a few hours 2-6 hours), reducing inhibitory effects of prior use of antibiotics, detection of slow or fastidious growing organisms. However these tests remain to be validated in a clinical setting. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma detection of bacterial DNA in ICU patients with a clinical suspicion of bacterial infection.

Daptomycin was approved since 2005 in Taiwan and have been studied and published in west countries. After review the published papers, the few data were described in the Asian countries or Taiwan. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daptomycin for the treatment of Gram-positive infections under actual conditions of use, and to understand other information concerned with daptomycin prescription. This study represents an opportunity for acquiring real world data on daptomycin usage, and may provide physicians in Taiwan with the information of characteristic of the patients receiving daptomycin and to evaluate outcomes. It also provides a means to identify safety signals that emerge with clinical usage.

Patients requiring admission to the hospital due to a moderate and severe COVID-19 infection may differ in their ability to respond to viral infection and to eliminate viral load. Several comorbidities and interventions like antivirotic or antiinflammatory treatment may also modify expected patients response and decrease of viral load. In this observational study, evolution of selected inflammatory markers, indicators of severity of infection and patient characteristics will be followed and recorded in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

This study evaluates a single use point of care diagnostic test in the diagnosis of influenza and other respiratory viral infections in adults. Participants will have a sample taken from their nose using a swab. The swab will be gently mixed in a liquid solution which will then be transferred into the device for testing.