Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

This study will test an experimental drug called MGAWN1 for the treatment of West Nile infections.

The research aims to determine the impact of a syndromic mutiplex PCR assay (FilmArray) on the management of patients hospitalized in ICU for severe respiratory disease. During the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, the diagnosis of pneumonia has become considerably more complex as the biological, radiological and clinical criteria of covid-19 interfere with the standard criteria for the diagnosis of severe respiratory diseases. Moreover, patients with COVID-19 are at higher risk of developing other associated infections and thus, patients have therefore often been treated with antibiotics, adequately or not, due to difficulty to quickly identify the etiology of their symptoms with conventional methods. In order to improve their treatment, both diagnostic and therapeutic, we set up a new syndromic molecular test in our laboratories to accelerate and improve the pneumonia management and antibiotic stewardship. This research will include 100 to 150 adult patients hospitalized in ICU during the first half of 2020. It will take place within the Nancy University Hospital and the Reims University Hospital, France.

Hearing loss can be the result of chronic ear infections. The role of bacteria of the genus Achromobacter is not known in these conditions. An epidemiological study including a large number of patients is needed to compare the prevalence of these bacteria in sick and healthy subjects, and to highlight the characteristics of the strains and the factors favouring their emergence.

This is a matched-cohort study designed to assess the health impact of a rural demand-driven water and sanitation intervention that provides piped treated water and household level pour-flush latrines and bathing rooms, as implemented by Gram Vikas.

Infections are common on the Intensive Care for both adult and pediatric patients. Adequately dosing antibiotic treatment is of vital importance but both under- and overdosing is frequent due to pathophysiological changes during critical illness. Moreover, the interplay of age and critical illness is even more understudied. To optimize antibiotic dosing and outcome of infectious disease, personalized dosing guidelines in critically ill patients are highly needed. In this prospective observational population pharmacokinetic study we will evaluate if target attainment for antibiotics is reached in critically ill children with current dosing guidelines. Using these data, individualized dosing guidelines will be developed.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), strains of MRSA that are able to infect otherwise healthy people outside of hospital settings, emerged in the late 1990s and have recently arisen in many countries around the globe. CA-MRSA strains are usually distinguished from their HA-MRSA counterparts by the following characteristics: Firstly, CA-MRSA strains are usually susceptible to non-lactam antibiotics. Secondly, CA-MRSA harbors type IV and V SCCmec elements, which are shorter than the traditional type I, II, and III SCCmec elements found in HA-MRSA strains. Thirdly, certain successful clones are associated with outbreaks of CA-MRSA infections reported in specific geographical locations. For example, ST1 and ST8 isolates are mostly reported in the USA and Canada, ST80 isolates are commonly found in Europe, and ST59 isolates are encountered in the Asia-Pacific region. Notably, all these characteristics have substantial limitations for discriminating CA-MRSA isolates due to their complex backgrounds. Although there were more and more studies of CA-MRSA in European countries and the US, few national epidemiological data were available about China. In this study, we investigated the epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics of CA-MRSA isolates recovered in Chinese hospitals, in order to understand the changing epidemiology of MRSA in China.

Acute hepatic insults including hepatitis flare-up, active alcohol assumption and hepatotoxic drug use are common in patients with cirrhosis especially in Eastern countries.These patients are at high risk of developing acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and associated with high short-term mortality. And the natural history of these patients is frequently complicated by bacterial infections, which lead to deterioration of underlying diseases. The present study is aimed to investigate the prevalance and risk factors of bacterial infections in those patients and its impact on in-hospital/short-term mortality.

This is a multicenter prospective collection of leftover respiratory tract secretions, paired blood and NP swabs, and clinical circumstances from pediatric HCT patients, followed by next generation genomic sequencing, transcriptome analysis, protein biomarker measurement, and statistical modeling.

IBIS is a prospective, observational study, which aims to assess the cost of CDI per day, hospitalization and year including description of incremental costs in hospitalized patients, and recurrent episodes, in German hospitals. Exposure to CDI drugs will not be influenced and remains at the discretion of the treating physician. In addition to treatment, Health-related quality of life (HRQL) will be analyzed using standardized questionnaires.

This is a prospective multicenter study. All patients presenting for revision hip or knee arthroplasty for all indications under the respective surgeon's care may be eligible. Per standard of care preoperatively, all patients must have blood drawn for erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP) and D-dimer. Aspiration of the joint in question may be performed at the discretion of the treating surgeon and results documented. Intraoperative samples will also be collected and sent for NGS analysis