Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Current standard of practice in study institution dictates day of surgery urinary catheter removal in general thoracic surgery patients receiving thoracic epidural analgesia. The investigators hypothesize that this practice results in low recatheterization rates secondary to urinary retention and low urinary tract infection rates.

The immune response to Helicobacter pylori (Hp) importantly determines the pathogenesis of infection as well as the success of antibiotic eradication of the bacteria. The investigators want to demonstrate the importance of cathepsin X (CTSX), a cysteine protease, for the Hp eradication success. The diversity of the innate immune response to H. pylori antigens leading to either successful eradication of the infection or maintenance of chronic inflammation is connected to CTSX. The aim of this study is to determine whether H. pylori suppresses the CTSX expression and cytokine secretion in macrophage cell line THP-1 in the individuals that are not capable of eradicating the infection, opposite to H pylori in patients with successful H pylori eradication . The investigators also investigate the possibility whether strain-dependent differences in H. pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS) influence the CTSX expression and cytokine secretion.

We aim to study if pathological NETs formation could be the underlying pathology among patients with recurrent infections and a normal screening of the immune system.

The objectives of the study were: To study risk factors for colonization and infection with antibiotic resistant bacteria among patients with severe IAI before and after antibiotic treatment and surgical intervention. To study species changes in the rectal flora among patients with severe IAI before and after antibiotic treatment and surgical intervention. To review guidelines for antibiotic use in participating units. To evaluate surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment in relation to risk for colonization and infection with antibiotic resistant bacteria among patients with severe IAI To use the results from the study in the process of a more appropriate use of antibiotics in participating units and care of patients with severe IAI. To study the dynamics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing and wild-type Enterobacteriaceae in patients with suspected severe intra abdominal infections before, during and after antibiotic treatment.

To determine if daily bathing with chlorhexidine impregnated washcloths will reduce the incidence of MRSA and VRE within an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or ward setting.

The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate how early biomarkers of infection and inflammation perform in identifying patients at risk for poor outcome in sepsis and septic shock.

The investigators believe that there is an association between H. pylori infection and nutritional status and between H. pylori infection and cognitive development. The current study will examine this association in Israeli children, aged 6-12 years.

Lung transplantation (LTx) , DNA-based testing. Performance of DNA-based testing of bacterial and fungal pathogens in comparison to standard testing. Experimental intervention: DNA-based testing of BAL fluid.

To compare the time to pathogen eradication, and the relationship to the time to clinical improvement, between ceftaroline and case-matched vancomycin treated controls in the treatment of adults with serious infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

The investigators hypothesis: Presence of anti-GGT (antibody against GGT) indicates H. pylori infection.