Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Cutibacterium acnes is involved in nearly 40% of shoulder prosthetic joint infections (PJI). After shoulder prothesis, C. acnes mainly affects hip prosthesis. One recent work from the Lyon (France) bone and joint infections reference center with data focusing mainly on hip and knee PJI has reported that C. acnes is the leading cause of late-onset PJI after coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (late acute PJI not considered). In such late-onset device-related infection, biofilm, as produced by C. acnes during PJI represents a major hurdle on the path to patient's cure. Because biofilm-associated bacteria have a slower metabolism and a lower multiplication rate than planktonic bacteria, antibiotic susceptibility can be hampered. Rifampicin is an antibiotic with low minimal bactericidal concentration against S. aureus and CNS biofilm-associated bacteria8 which significantly influence patient's outcome during staphylococci PJI.

This study investigates whether the oral intake of a nettle and cranberry complex capsule may prevent recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI). Participants will be aged between 30 - 75 years of age, with confirmed diagnosis of UTI status. The participants will be assessed for several parameters and asked to take 2 nettle and cranberry complex capsules twice daily for 8 weeks. The parameters will include international prostate symptoms score (IPSS), overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS), international consultation on incontinence questionnaire - overactive bladder (ICIQ-OAB), 3-day bladder diary (3dBD), and urine routine.

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) in the patients chronically catheterized are serious challenges clinically. The pathogens are often multidrug-resistant bacteria and such UTIs are actually biofilm infections. Currently standard antibiotic treatment against UTI in Denmark is sensitive antibiotic monotherapy. Theoretically antibiotic monotherapy is not a good treatment against biofilm infections. In the patients with impaired renal functions, both i.v. and p.o. antibiotic treatments function poor. Therefore, bladder lavage might help. In the study, the participants will be randomly divided into three groups (monotherapy, combination and bladder lavage). The investigators will evaluate the results and find a better treatment based on the clinical evidences, which might benefit the patients.

There is an increasing focus on the need to optimise nutrition, lifestyle and metabolism of parents before and during pregnancy and of the infant after birth, but as yet there is limited understanding of the specific influences and of the underlying mechanisms. This study is a follow up of children from the NiPPeR trial of a nutritional drink enriched with micronutrients, myo-inositol and probiotics taken preconception and during pregnancy. In this setting we will examine the influence of parental nutrition, lifestyle and metabolism before and during pregnancy on child growth, development and well-being; ascertaining growth, adiposity, metabolism, neurobehavioural and health outcomes in the children, and characterising the underlying mechanisms. The data collected will allow identification of the contributions of parental and offspring characteristics, nutritional, lifestyle and medical factors, social and economic status, ethnicity, genetics, metabolism and microbes to promoting healthy growth, body composition and wellbeing in the children.

A5388 is a phase II, two-arm, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that will enroll 48 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve adults with acute HIV infection (AHI) in order to determine whether: Administration of combination HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) therapy in addition to ART during acute HIV infection (AHI) will be safe. Participants who receive combination bNAb therapy in addition to ART during AHI will be more likely to demonstrate a delay in time to HIV-1 RNA ≥1,000 copies/mL for 4 consecutive weeks compared to participants who receive placebo plus ART. Participants who receive combination bNAb therapy in addition to ART during AHI will demonstrate lower viral reservoirs and enhanced HIV-specific immunity compared to participants who receive placebo plus ART.

The purpose of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of LP-001, an amoxicillin and clavulanate formulation, for use in pediatric patients with a bacterial infection.

This study will evaluate the implementation of an enhanced package of care, CD4 and tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan (TB-LAM) tests and the initiation of patients on TB prophylaxis [TPT and CPT], on retention in care and viral suppression ((<50 copies/ml) at 6 and 12 months after AHD care and treatment enrollment. The study will also assess the change in AHD screening, management and service uptake indicators among PLHIV clients before and after implementation of the QI collaborative implementation (QICI) project, evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the AHD package of care among patients and HCWs providing related health services, and conduct a cost analysis of implementing the enhanced AHD package of care in a hub-and-spoke implementation of care model.

This project aims to understand how improving vaccine education and awareness can impact the number of parents who vaccinate, or intend to vaccine, their middle school-aged children with age-appropriate vaccines, including human papillomavirus (HPV), meningitis (MCV) and tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (TDap).

A cluster randomized controlled study of 40 primary care clinics in Northern Israel (20 intervention clinics, 20 usual care clinics) to evaluate the value of introducing a precision medicine/genomic approach/paradigm on the clinical and economical outcomes of the clinics. Intervention includes 3 elements: 1. DNA extraction and evaluation (up to the level of WGS); 2. Feces sample for microbiome study, 3. Wearable devices for continuous monitoring of body functions. Expected number of participants is 100,000 in each arm. Results will be calculated for a clinic as a unit and not for individuals (each clinic to be compared to "twin" selected clinic).

Study the efficacy of a package of behavioral economics strategies (versus an education-only control condition) in altering clinician behavior regarding antibiotic prescription duration for skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI).