Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Worldwide, Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is increasingly reported as an emerging cause of sexually transmitted infections. Internationally, the prevalence of MG is higher in male with urethritis and community groups especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). While MG is treatable, antimicrobial resistance is a rising concern. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence of MG infection and the antimicrobial resistance pattern in HIV-infected male in Hong Kong. A total of 750 HIV-infected male attending HIV specialist clinic in Hong Kong would be recruited. The main outcome measures include prevalence of MG and resistance mutations to macrolide/fluoroquinolone in HIV-infected male; prevalence of MG/STI co-infections, as defined by concurrent detection of MG and one or more other bacterial STI.

The aim of this diagnostic accuracy study is to evaluate the application of artificial intelligence on the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and premalignant gastric lesions based on upper endoscopic images. We use techniques of artificial intelligence to analyze the correlation between endoscopic images and urea breath test results/histopathological results.

Using online questionnaires, we will obtain data regarding COVID-19 infection and treatment, including incidence rate, hospitalization rate, severity of the infection, medications, mortality rate, etc, in both hospital and communities after the change of disease control policy in China.

This study aims to investigate the etiology and associated risk factors for UTI in Egyptian chronic kidney disease patients. In addition, to identify the isolated micro-organisms and their sensitivity patterns for better anticipation of treatment regimen.

Patients referred to internal medicine wards are becoming increasingly complex and fragile. Despite deep knowledge of their specific disorders, steps are required to improve overall management of their acute and chronic conditions. The main objective of the study is to identify demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological markers of disease severity and activity in patients with diseases treated at general medicine wards (respiratory disease, immune-mediated disease, sepsis, metabolic disease, rare disease, frailty, pregnancy pathology) in order to improve their diagnosis, monitoring and treatment processes.

NeonIN is a is a neonatal infection surveillance database which will facilitate active surveillance for bacterial infections through a network of neonatal units, using standardised definitions, proformas and microbiological techniques. The centralised and secure web-based database will allow real-time entry of data and rapid and timely analysis of results.

To assess antimicrobial resistance rates and minimal inhibitory concentrations in H. pylori isolated from patients with upper gastrointestinal disease with long-term period.

Necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTI) are rare and life-threatening bacterial infections characterized by subcutaneous tissue, fascia or muscle necrosis. Few prospective studies have been performed and our current knowledge on NSTI is mostly derived from retrospective single center studies. The "SKin and soft tissue necrotizing INfections in the ICU" (SKIN-ICU) study is a multinational prospective non-interventional cohort study that will include patients admitted to the ICU/intermediate care unit for NSTI or not. The objectives of the study are : To assess hospital (i.e., ICU and hospital mortality) and medium-term (day-90 mortality, functional outcomes and health-related quality of life scores, HR-QoL) outcomes To report the clinical presentation and microbiological epidemiology of NSTI and identify independent prognostic factors of mortality and altered quality of life

This study aims to investigate the microbiome of women with previously proven fertility who plan to become pregnant.

This study will evaluate and treat patients with filarial infections to explore in depth the immunology of the disease, including susceptibility to infection, disease development, and response to treatment. Filarial infections are caused by parasitic worms. The immature worm (larva) is transmitted to a person through a mosquito bite and grows in the human body to 2 to 4 inches in length. Although many of these infections do not produce symptoms, especially in the early stages of infection, others can have serious consequences, including swelling of the limbs or genitalia, allergic-lung problems, skin rash, eye inflammation that can lead to blindness, and heart disease. This protocol does not involve any experimental diagnostic procedures or treatments, and will use only procedures employed in the standard practice of medicine. Persons between 3 and 100 years of age diagnosed with or suspected of infection with Wuchereria bancrofti, Bugia malayi, Onchocerca volvulus, Loa loa, or other parasitic worms may be eligible for this study. Participants will have routine tests to determine the specific type of filarial infection. These may include special tests of the lungs, skin or heart, depending on the type of parasite suspected. Patients with skin reactions may have a "punch biopsy" to examine a small piece of affected skin. For this procedure, an area of skin is numbed with an anesthetic and a small circular area, about 1/3-inch in diameter and 1/2-inch thick, is removed using a sharp cookie cutter-type instrument. Some patients may require bronchoalveolar lavage. For this procedure, the mouth and throat are numbed with lidocaine jelly and spray and, if needed, a sedative is given for comfort. A small plastic tube is placed in a vein to give medications. A pencil-thin tube is then passed through the nose or mouth into the lung airways to examine the airways. Salt water is injected through the bronchoscope into the air passage, acting as a rinse. A sample of the fluid is then withdrawn and examined for infection, inflammatory cells and inflammatory chemicals. (Bronchoalveolar lavage is done only if medically necessary and only on patients 21 years or older.) Once the diagnosis is established, standard treatment will be instituted with either diethylcarbamazine or ivermectin, depending on the type of infection. Additional procedures for research purposes include: Extra blood draws to study immune cells and other immune substances. (This is the only research procedure that will be done in - More frequent and extensive follow-up evaluations than usual for routine care. They will include physical examination and blood studies. Urine collections at specified periods, possibly including 24-hour collections. Skin tests to examine the body s reaction to allergens-common environmental substances, such as cat dander or pollen-that cause an allergic reaction. The test is done in one of two ways: either the skin is lightly scratched and an allergen extract is placed over the just-broken skin, or a very fine needle is used to inject a small amount of allergen under the skin. In both methods, the site is monitored for swelling or hives in the next 48 hours. Leukapheresis (only on patients 21 or older ) to collect quantities of white blood cells. Whole blood is collected through a needle in an arm vein, similar to donating blood. The blood circulates through a machine that separates it into its components, and the white cells are removed. The rest of the blood is returned to the body, either through the same needle or through another needle in the other arm.