Active clinical trials for "Skin Diseases, Infectious"

In March 2012, the investigators initiated a prospective, cluster-randomized, controlled field trial in Kisumu County, located in an area in western Kenya which has the highest under-five mortality rate in Kenya with 149 childhood deaths per 1,000 live births 9. The study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an antimicrobial hand towel (hereafter referred to as towel) in preventing diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory infections, self-reported fever, and skin infections in children <2 years old.

This cluster-randomized prospective study will evaluate the effect of hygiene-based intervention strategies on the incidence of overall SSTI and MRSA-associated SSTI among military trainees. The proposed interventions used singly or in combination include standardized training and education, and weekly chlorhexidine showers.

Outbreaks of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) related to community associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become increasingly common in military training units. Risk factors for MRSA related SSTI such as crowding, poor hygiene and shared equipment are often hard to avoid in a military training environment, often designed to simulate battlefield conditions. It has recently been demonstrated that military recruits colonized with MRSA may be at increased risk of developing SSTI. Studies in the hospital environment have shown that decolonizing inpatients known to carry MRSA decreases the rates of MRSA related infections in the treated individuals and also in their inpatient unit as a whole. The investigators propose a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial to: Evaluate the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of chlorhexidine body cloths, self-administered three times weekly, in preventing SSTI among recruits in military training facilities; and Evaluate the effectiveness of chlorhexidine body cloths in decreasing rates of Staphylococcus aureus colonization among military recruits.

This study is being conducted to investigate the potential benefits of using a special type of fluid that can be applied to the skin (Integuseal) in addition to standard surgical skin preparation in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THA) or total knee replacement (TKA). Integuseal is supposed to lock down the skin bacteria and reduce skin infection and other problems. This study will investigate whether Integuseal is effective in reducing persistent wound drainage when used in addition to standard surgical skin preparation for total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee replacement (TKA).

This clinical trial tests the hypothesis that body decolonization of patients with recurrent community-associated (CA) MRSA infections will significantly reduce the likelihood of recurrent CA-MRSA infection.

Given the potential of skin cleansing with chlorhexidine as a safe, feasible, and cost-effective intervention for reducing neonatal death in developing country settings, this study follows a trial already underway in Nepal to test the impact of a single cleansing of the skin with baby wipes cotaining chlorahexidine.

The purpose of this research study is to compare the effectiveness of commonly used decolonization treatments (application of mupirocin antibiotic ointment to the nose and bleach baths) when performed by individuals with a history of skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) in the prior year (individualized approach) in comparison to decolonization of all household members (household approach) in an attempt to prevent Staphylococcus aureus skin infections. The investigators hypothesize an individualized decolonization approach will be equally as effective as a household approach to prevent SSTI.

This study is a first-in-human (Phase 1) study using three dose levels of an investigational vaccine directed against Staphylococcus aureus (SA3Ag). This study is primarily designed to assess how safe and well tolerated SA3Ag is, but will also describe the immune response over 12 months elicited by SA3Ag. Additionally, this study will assess the effect of SA3Ag vaccine on the number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that naturally occur on the skin and within the nose and throat.

This clinical trial tests the hypotheses that 1) body decolonization of patients with recurrent community-associated (CA) MRSA infections and their household members and 2) environmental decolonization of the patients' households will significantly reduce the likelihood of recurrent CA-MRSA infection.

The general objective of the study is to assess whether the implementation of the antibiotic essay with the Breakpoint/MIC ratio and data on penetration of the antibiotic in the site of infection may improve the outcome of infections compared to using only the standard procedures.