Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

The main purpose of the clinical trial is to determine the health impact of a dietary intervention known as time-restricted eating (TRE) in patients with metabolic syndrome (defined as the presence of elevated fasting plasma glucose and two or more of the following criteria: increased waist circumference, elevated fasting plasma triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, elevated blood pressure) and self-reported dietary intake of ≥14 hours per day. Participants will reduce the amount of time they eat to 10 hours per day over a 12-week monitored intervention followed by a 12-week self-directed intervention and will log their dietary intake using a smartphone application (myCircadianClock (mCC) app). Glucose homeostasis (blood glucose levels will be monitored continuously for 2 weeks at the baseline, at the end of the monitored intervention, and at the end of the self-directed intervention using a continuous glucose monitor), and other metabolic, neuroendocrine, inflammatory and oxidative stress/antioxidant defense biomarkers, body weight and composition, blood pressure, heart rate, sleep and activity (using mCC app), personal sense of wellness and dietary timing (using health questionnaires) will be evaluated at the baseline, at the end of the monitored intervention, and at the end of the self-directed intervention.

The purpose of this study is to determine the occurrence of scarring of the heart (cardiac fibrosis) and inflammation in those with perinatally acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection compared to people not infected with HIV. The information learned from this research may help the investigator to better understand the link between cardiac fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction and inflammation in those with perinatally acquired HIV infection compared to the uninfected. Participants will have a blood sample, complete a patient questionnaire, and have a Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound of the heart. Researchers will review the medical record and past medical history, for information about your heart function and overall health. Research samples and data from this study will be stored indefinitely and used for other research. There are risks to participate in this study and those risks include side effects from the contrast agent used for the MRI scan, (such as headache and injection site pain), and risks from blood sampling.

This study is designed to comprehensively investigate the anti-inflammatory role of vitamin D in reproductive aged women, and its association with preeclampsia and depression. Findings will have substantial impact providing new information implicated in the development of preeclampsia (a condition that may include hypertension, tissue swelling caused by excessive fluid, and kidney stress) and postpartum depression (after birth). Additionally, the study is designed to understand how early mental health screening and evaluation can help pregnant women reduce their risk of developing postpartum depression. Testing the acceptability and effectiveness of this mental health screening, education and referral program at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center will provide valuable patient centered qualitative and quantitative data that can be used in future services planning. The study will enroll up to 200 pregnant women (in third trimester of pregnancy) in total.

This study aims at evaluating real life effectiveness of originator adalimumab (Humira®) participants with active non-infectious intermediate, posterior and panuveitis (NIIPPU) despite high-dose corticosteroid therapy; including effect on ocular inflammation, health-related quality of life, health resource utilization, work ability and medication burden, as well as describe the characteristics of NIIPPU participants treated with Humira® in the real-life setting.

The purpose of this pilot study is to determine whether zinc supplementation significantly affects immune activation in HIV-infected subjects.

Although the diet of the US population meets or exceeds recommended intake levels of most essential nutrients, the quality of the diet consumed by many Americans is sub-optimal due to excessive intake of added sugars, solid fats, refined grains, and sodium. The foundations and outcomes of healthy vs. unhealthy eating habits and activity levels are complex and involve interactions between the environment and innate physiologic/genetic background. For instance, emerging research implicates chronic and acute stress responses and perturbations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis in triggering obesity-promoting metabolic changes and poor food choices. In addition, the development of many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, asthma and autoimmune disease, results from an overactive immune response to host tissue or environmental antigens (e.g. inhaled allergens). A greater understanding is needed of the distribution of key environment-physiology interactions that drive overconsumption, create positive energy balance, and put health at risk. Researchers from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Western Human Nutrition Research Center are conducting a cross-sectional "metabolic phenotyping" study of healthy people in the general population. Observational measurements include the interactions of habitual diet with the metabolic response to food intake, production of key hormones, the conversion of food into energy: the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, characteristics of the immune system, stress response, gut microbiota (bacteria in the intestinal tract), and cardiovascular health. Most outcomes will be measured in response to a mixed macronutrient/high fat challenge meal.

The important role played by the GI tract microflora on the metabolic health of an individual are increasingly recognized. In this respect, the initial studies of Metchinkoff that suggested a role of fermented food (specifically yoghourts ) to modulate the gut microflora have evolved into the concept of "probiotics". Probiotics are living microorganisms that bring a benefit to the host when administered in sufficient quantity (WHO/FAO, 2001). Here the investigators will study, in normal young male volunteers, the potential to modulate post-prandial metabolic and inflammatory responses by the administration of a yoghourt containing the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG).

In recent years, greater emphasis has been placed on the link between oral and systemic health. Obesity, a growing medical problem worldwide, has been associated with multiple chronic inflammatory diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. With respect to the effect of obesity on periodontal health, it has been shown that obese subjects exhibit higher inflammation around natural teeth and are at increased risk of tooth loss than individuals with normal weight. Peri-implantitis, an inflammatory condition of bacterial origin that occurs around oral implants and resembles periodontal disease, has become a serious concern for the dental profession given its increasing prevalence and challenging treatment. There is also strong evidence that individuals with a history of periodontitis are also at risk for peri-implantitis. However, knowledge about the pathogenesis and treatment of peri-implantitis is scarce. Hence, it is extremely important to understand the implications of excessive body fat on peri-implant health. Based on the current understanding on the effect of obesity on systemic and local inflammation around natural teeth, the investigators hypothesize that obesity will have a significant impact on peri-implant health by inducing an increased inflammatory response as measured by clinical as well as molecular markers of inflammation.

Background: - The immune system contains several different types of cells in the blood and other parts of the body. The body can fight infections well with the right balance of these cell types. The wrong balance of cell types may cause diseases, such as allergies or asthma. The COX-2 gene may help decide the balance of cell types that the body makes as part of the immune system. It may also play a role in certain immune system diseases. Researchers want to see how COX-2 affects the cells in the immune system. Objectives: - To study how the COX-2 gene works in the body s immune system. Eligibility: - Individuals 18 years of age and above who are part of the Environmental Polymorphisms Registry. Design: Participants will have one study visit at the National Institutes of Health. They will collect a urine sample at home on the morning of the study visit. Participants will have a physical exam and medical history. They will provide a blood sample. They will also give researchers the urine sample they collected that morning. No treatment will be provided as part of this study.

The treatment of osteoarthritis, a disease that eventually affects the majority of the older population, involves the alleviation of symptoms such as pain and stiffness, and the reduction of inflammation. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study will be performed to examine the effect of topical application of Elmore Oil, a herbal remedy (containing Eucalyptus oil, Tea tree oil, Olive oil and Vanilla), which has recently been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties, on the symptoms of osteoarthritis.