Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

Metabolic syndrome is a public health challenge that includes a range of conditions including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The syndrome is associated with an increase in the risk of Cardiovascular disease and death. Curcumin is a very active compound obtained from turmeric root. Curcumin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and is also involved in the regulation of several signaling pathways. Since curcumin powder has low bioavailability, fast metabolism and low absorption, nanomicielle curcumin will be used in this study. Therefore, this study is planned to determine the effects of supplementation of nanomicielle curcumin on oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, adiponectin in serum and NF-kB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with metabolic syndrome.

This study uses an experimental design to conduct a double-blind, randomized, crossover study where participants receive both diesel exhaust and a mental stress test in a controlled setting. My hypothesis is that the synergistic effect of stress and air pollution will result in higher levels of stress and inflammation (measured via biological markers) as well as poorer cardiovascular disease related outcomes compared to the independent effect of each exposure separately.

- General Objective To evaluate the effects of curcumin supplementation on cardiovascular risk markers, inflammation, oxidative stress and functional capacity in participants with coronary artery disease. Specific Objectives Assess, before and after supplementation with turmeric: The nutritional status of the participants; Blood pressure; Atherogenic risk; The expression of transcription factors (Nrf2 and NF-kB), antioxidant enzymes (NQO1, HO-1, sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1)), NLPR3 receptor, as well as the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), protein C reactive (PCR), IL-1, IL 18) and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin adhesion molecules; Routine biochemical parameters; Lipid peroxidation and oxidized LDL; The 6-minute walk test, the recovery heart rate and the chair lift test; Modifiable risk factors before and after supplementation; The comparison of all parameters between groups.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the supplementation with tocotrienol, a vitamin E compound on inflammation, oxidative stress, and microbiota on Chronic Kidney Disease patients.

The primary objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of Digestive Enzyme Blend #2, a digestive enzyme dietary supplement product, on markers indicative of inflammation after a meal. The markers will be assessed by blood levels tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) at times 0, 45 minutes, 2 hours and 4 hours post-meal. A full complete blood count (CBC)and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) blood test will also be conducted at times 0 and 4 hours post-meal. In addition, a questionaire on Gastrointestinal symptoms will be administered 4 hours post-meal. The study hypothesis is that some or all of these potential markers of inflammation will increase following the meal, and the amount of increase in inflammation will be attenuated when a digestive enzyme is consumed with the meal compared to the placebo. In addition, it is hypothesized that levels of gastric discomfort as assessed by the questionaire will be reduced with the digestive enzyme compared to the placebo.

Asthma is one of the most common diseases affecting about 2.5 million Canadians, and can result in reduced quality of life and difficulties with work and school. Once the disease has become established with irreversible changes in the lungs it can be very difficult to treat. Severe asthma although less common than mild asthma uses more healthcare resources. The objective of this project is to find out how the changes in the lung develop in severe asthma. Once this is known then new treatments can be developed to prevent irreversible damage to the lungs. Volunteers will have substances sprayed up their nose and then samples collected from their nose. Levels of proteins and cells can be measured in these samples. This will give an indication of the type of inflammation that occurs. The usual method of investigating the changes that occur in asthma is to challenge the lungs. Samples have to then be collected from the lungs. This can be in the form of sputum which must be treated to break it down to a liquid or washed out during a camera test. These methods cause problems with measuring proteins and they are broken down or diluted. Because the nose is easily accessible samples can be obtained at many time points. Because the samples can be collected directly from the nose the problems with obtaining samples from the lung are avoided.

The purpose of the study is to measure inflammatory biomarkers in sputum and peripheral blood in healthy volunteers after inhalation of single doses of LPS (20 mcg) administered as particles of different sizes.

The investigators will evaluate the effects of an endurance exercise program on the physical performance, the well being, and indicators of metabolic function in patients with an HIV infection.

Metabolic syndrome represents a major health burden worldwide affecting 20-30% of the population. This clustering of abnormalities that confers an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, is the hallmark of "unhealthy" aging in longevity studies. Preventive strategies have so far failed since they have focused mainly on reducing caloric intake, ignoring the metabolic dysfunction in the aging body. The growing importance of the gut microbiota in all aspects of human health is clear, and unlike our genomes is potentially highly modifiable and tightly related to metabolic and immune efficiency, energy and fatty acid metabolism and satiety hormones. The investigators and others have reported that higher microbiome diversity correlates with significantly lower long-term risk of weight gain and metabolic syndrome. The investigators have recently shown that serum levels of omega-3 fatty acids correlate with higher microbiome diversity, and increased abundance of bacteria that produce butyrate are linked to lower inflammation of the gut. The investigators therefore propose to carry out a proof of concept nutritional intervention study in the TwinsUK cohort. The TwinsUK sample is probably the most detailed omic and phenotypic resource in the world and is ideal for this study. The mechanisms that result in improved microbiome composition and diversity will be explored in a highly focused novel interventional study hypothesizing that key fatty acid pathways are crucially involved in the link between diet, microbiome, immune phenotypes and metabolic syndrome. The specific objectives are to measure changes in gut microbiome composition in response to fibre supplementation compared to omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. The study will measure faecal metabolites relevant to fatty acid metabolism (short chain fatty acids), the abundance of microbial species linked to higher or lower inflammation and immune cell phenotypes to unravel the link between inflammation, diet and metabolic syndrome. There is a real lack of good diet intervention studies in this field and if successful this trial will pave the way to funding a wide variety of other diet intervention studies.

Polyphenol supplements, including curcumin and resveratrol, are known to decrease inflammation, but previous polyphenol supplements were poorly absorbed and thus their effects were reduced. A new phytosome formulation coats the supplements and allows them to be better absorbed. The purpose of this study is to examine the acute (1-hr) and short-term (1-week) effects of two different phytosome-formulated polyphenol supplements on inflammation. The two supplements that will be used are: 1) PolyResveratrol and 2) Curcumin.