Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

The goal of this study is to determine whether or not exposure to blue spectrum light reduces acute kidney injury and systemic inflammation in subjects undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Subjects scheduled to undergo cardiopulmonary bypass surgery will be exposed to either bright (1000 lux) blue spectrum (480nm) light or to ambient, white fluorescent light for a 24 hour photoperiod the day prior to surgery and for a 24 hour photoperiod in the immediate postoperative period.

Background: PIDD stands for primary immune dysregulation. It is a general term that includes many different inherited immune system disorders. The immune system is the part of the body that helps fight disease and infection. People with PIDDs can develop many kinds of health problems. One of these is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which causes diarrhea and cramping. Researchers want to learn more about these disorders to develop possible treatments. Objective: To learn more about when and why IBD may develop in some people with PIDDs. Eligibility: People ages 3 and older who have PIDD or IBD. Healthy volunteers in this age group are also needed. Design: Visit 1: Participants will be screened with physical exam, medical history, and blood and urine tests. Visit 2: Participants will: Have more physical exams and blood and urine tests. Answer questions about quality of life and food history. Provide a stool sample. Have nasal and rectal skin swabs. Have saliva collected. Participants will have 1 follow-up visit per year. They will repeat visit 2 procedures. Participants will be contacted by phone or email in between yearly visits. They will be asked about their health. They will complete a quality-of-life questionnaire and send a stool sample that is collected at home. If participants experience a sudden change in symptoms or undergo a new treatment, they may be asked to complete visit 2 procedures. If participants are not able to come to NIH, study data and samples can be collected without an in-person visit. Participants will have a final study visit about 10 years after Visit 1. They will repeat visit 2 procedures.

Exposure to noxious gases and particles is associated with an increased prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, investigation of possible airway inflammation and/or systemic inflammation in workers exposed to high levels of dust is important. Silicon Carbide (SiC) Processing Inc. provides cutting fluid (slurry) for the production of solar cells and is at present the largest provider of slurry to the solar industry worldwide. In the production process, the recyclable materials (SiC), polyethylene glycol (PEG)) of the used slurry are recovered. The airborne exposure consists mainly of SiC (dust particles) and evaporation from the recycling of PEG. High levels of dust have been measured and, seventeen per cent of the measurements in the processing hall were equal to or higher than the Norwegian occupational exposure limit. Thus, assessment of possible systemic and airway effects of this exposure is of interest. A prospective design will be applied and the effects studied by means of registration of respiratory symptoms, spirometry, nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air, induced sputum and blood sampling over a 3 year period. Exposed subjects will also be compare with non- or low exposed subjects (administrative/office workers). Efforts will be made to include all eligible subjects and to avoid drop-outs. If early signs of airway or systemic inflammation in workers or in cells are demonstrated in the study, it will be necessary to implement measures to reduce the exposure levels. The primary aim of the present study of workers exposed to Silicon Carbide dust in the workplace is to determine whether this exposure is associated with inflammatory changes in the lungs. The secondary aims are: - to examine possible changes in systemic inflammatory markers and - to examine changes in lung function among Silicon Carbide processing workers during a period of 3 years. Possible changes in lung function will be monitored by spirometry and gas diffusion measurements (study A). Airway inflammatory responses and changes in circulating inflammatory markers will be assessed by examination of the induced sputum samples and blood samples every 6th month in a subgroup of workers (study B).

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine if disturbances in cytokines or factors of the metabolic syndrome, can predict complications in pregnancy, birth, and the perinatal period in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes or who are overweight. At the same time we, the investigators at Rigshospitalet, want to determine if physical activity in the overweight pregnant woman can influence these factors in a favourable way and, with that, improve the progress of pregnancy and birth.

Postoperative pain status of patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The aim of this study was to measure whether the flow rate through the brachial artery and inflammatory markers were associated with the development of tissue edema in the surgical intensive care unit patients.

This is a cross-sectional, non-interventional study, consisting of three study arms, (1) Full Characterization (AIMS-Full), (2) Surgery Arm (AIMS-OR), and (3) Mucus Collection (AIMS-M). Participants will be recruited and enrolled in either AIMS-Full or AIMS-OR (based on participant availability). Participants who complete the initial characterization study (either AIMS-Full or AIMS-OR), may also go on to participate in the AIMS-M arm, which focuses mainly on sample collection. Participants who choose not to participate in either characterization arm are able to enroll directly into AIMS-M for sample collection only.

Background: Respiratory diseases affect more than 1 billion people worldwide. They are a growing public health concern. The lungs are constantly exposed to environmental factors such as dust, fumes, microbes, and pollutants. But much is still not known about how these pollutants lead to respiratory illnesses. Researchers want to collect samples from lungs and blood to see how genetics and environmental pollutants affect cellular responses or functioning. Objectives: To study how cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway enzymes affect macrophage function in the lungs and inflammatory responses. Eligibility: Adults ages 18 65 who can have a bronchoscopy. Design: All study visits will take place at the NIEHS Clinical Research Unit in Research Triangle Park, NC. At study visit 1, participants will be screened with medical history and physical exam. They will have blood and urine tests. They will take tests that measure their lung function. They will answer questionnaires. Before the visit, they will be given a list of medicines they cannot take. They also must not have caffeine on the day of their visit. The visit will last about 3 hours. At study visit 2, participants will give blood samples. They will undergo bronchoscopy. For this, they will get an intravenous line in a vein to get sedatives. Their airways will be numbed. Cells will be collected from their lungs. They will fast for 8 hours before the visit. They must have someone else drive them home from the visit. The visit will last about 3-4 hours. Participants will get a follow-up phone call about 1 day after study visit 2.

To evaluate the impact of obesity surgery on chronic inflammation.

A total of 30 subjects with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. Thirty subjects without AD matched for sex, age and coronary artery disease risk factor with the AD subjects will also be included. All subjects will undergo the following imaging procedures: a 18FDG-PET to quantify vascular inflammation in the ascending aorta and carotids and a MDCT to calculate the Agatston score. Skin and blood biomarkers will also be assessed.