Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of low (6 ml/kg) and high (12 ml/kg) tidal volume ventilation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of ICU patients without lung injury. As the analysis of EBC is reflecting the composition of epithelial lining fluid (ELF), the study of EBC pH and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers could have the potential for assessing lung inflammation caused by mechanical ventilation. This study also aims to look at the possibility to identify selective profiles of biomarkers that might have a prognostic and/or diagnostic value in the follow up of these patients.

The objectives of this study are to assess the effectiveness of a nutritional supplement on muscle functional recovery following induced muscle damage from high intensity resistance exercise. The investigators hypothesize that a short-term dietary supplementation will significantly improve muscle functional recovery following an intense bout of eccentric exercise compared to a placebo.

The investigators believe that relieving the oxidative stress experienced by hemodialysis patients may help improve cardiovascular health. In this study, the investigators hypothesize that administration of coenzyme Q10, as a targeted antioxidant therapy, will ameliorate the excessive oxidative stress experienced by hemodialysis patients. This will lead to improvements in biomarkers of: oxidative stress status inflammatory status endothelial dysfunction

Chronic subaccute inflammation may underlie the development of diabetes cardiovascular disease and other components of the metabolic syndrome. Rodent studies suggest diet induced obesity is associated with activation of the IKK/NF-kB pathway and this pathway can be inhibited by salicylates. This study seeks to determine the effect of salicylates in overweight persons.

Each year over a million patients worldwide undergo cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). CPB is associated with significant morbidity including the transfusion of allogenic blood products, inflammation and hemodynamic instability. In fact, approximately 20% of all blood products transfused are associated with coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. Transfusion of allogenic blood products is associated with well-documented morbidity and increased mortality after cardiac surgery. Enhanced fibrinolysis contributes to increased blood product transfusion in the perioperative period. The current proposal tests the central hypothesis that endogenous bradykinin contributes to the hemodynamic, fibrinolytic and inflammatory response to CPB and that bradykinin receptor antagonism will reduce hypotension, inflammation and transfusion requirements. In SPECIFIC AIM 1 we will test the hypothesis that the fibrinolytic and inflammatory response to CPB differ during ACE inhibition and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonism. In SPECIFIC AIM 2 we will test the hypothesis that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism attenuates the hemodynamic, fibrinolytic, and inflammatory response to CPB. In SPECIFIC AIM 3 we will test the hypothesis that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism reduces the risk of allogenic blood product transfusion in patients undergoing CPB. These studies promise to provide important information regarding the effects of drugs that interrupt the RAS and generate new strategies to reduce morbidity in patients undergoing CPB.

The purpose of this study is to determine if folic acid supplementation can slow down atherosclerotic progression, age-related cognitive decline and age-related hearing loss.

The goal of this prospective cohort study is to determine if a model of care including point-of-care testing, immediate therapy, expedited partner therapy and test of cure will result in a higher cure rate and a lower recurrence rate of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), with a subsequent reduction in genital inflammatory cytokines and hence HIV risk among young women in a high burden setting in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The study will identify individuals with STIs using the GeneXpert system for the simultaneous detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Genital tract cytokines will be measured using Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokine kits and a Bio-Plex MagPix Array Reader. Following point-of-care diagnosis, participants will be treated immediately with appropriate therapy under direct supervision, offering the participants expedited partner therapy for their partners. STI testing and cytokine assessments will be repeated after 6 and 12 weeks, to determine if these have decreased. Overall, this study will provide some evidence on whether this STI care model can have an impact on STI prevalence and genital tract inflammation, in a low- and middle-income country, where currently syndromic STI management is the standard of care.

The goals of this study are 1) to investigate the extent to which dried plum improves bone health by measuring bone density (a measure of bone strength) of whole body, hip, and forearm, indicators of bone formation and bone breakdown, and 2) to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of dried plum by assessing biomarkers of inflammation. Additionally, relevant medical history and lifestyle variables will be recorded.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the mechanism behind the anti-atherogenic effects of liraglutide. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel trial we will included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to an active treatment period of 26 weeks or placebo for 26 weeks. The primary endpoint is change from baseline to week 26 in vascular inflammation, assessed by Flour Deoxy Glucose (FDG)-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT)

The objective of this study was to determine how metabolic and inflammatory effects of physical exercise in overweight individuals are altered when sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are consumed after physical exercise. A randomized, controlled crossover trial was performed in which participants performed exercise with and without the ingestions of SSB during exercise or a non-exercise control condition to evaluate metabolic and inflammatory responses one day after the exercise and or SSB treatment.