Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

Childhood fever is a prevalent problem. Most febrile children who visit hospital improve without treatment, but a minority require treatment, and a few will have severe disease. The investigators want to improve the diagnosis and management of febrile children by developing tests to distinguish between bacterial and viral disease so that antibiotic treatment can be initiated promptly and only when required. Judicious and prudent use of antibiotics will reduce the likelihood of developing resistant organisms and save treatment costs. The investigators will prospectively recruit acutely febrile children presenting to hospital, collecting research samples for validation of biomarkers, in combination with clinical phenotypic markers and host genetic markers (BIVA-studies). Any febrile child newborn to under 18 presenting to hospital will be eligible for recruitment. The study will last 5 years.

Many provinces in Indonesia have some well known traditional foods that are widely consumed, but it remains unknown whether traditional ethnic dietary patterns can confirm healthy diets. High quality diet is associated with reduced risk of metabolic diseases and modulated gut microbiota. Moreover, the relationship between dietary quality and microbiota, a potential mediator of metabolic disease, has not been studied.

PRIME aims to demonstrate through neurocognitive assessment that BICU patients will have a degree of neurocognitive dysfunction following a major burn, that this neurocognitive dysfunction is due to an underlying neuroinflammatory process by fMRI neuroimaging techniques, and that the neurocognitive deficit is associated with a reduced quality of life.

The aim of the present study was to propose a new pCLE classification of gastric pit patterns and vessel architecture, and to assess the accuracy and interobserver agreement of this new pCLE classification system in the stomach.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with high prevalence worldwide and with relevant impact on patient-related quality of life, morbidity and mortality. There is evidence that airway inflammation correlates with the severity of the disease and that airway inflammation is further enhanced during exacerbation. However, it is unknown whether daily fluctuation of symptoms or changes in lung function is paralleled by changes in airway inflammation.

The purpose of the study is to determine whether positron emission tomography using the new imaging agent 18F-FAC can be used for imaging cancer and/or inflammation.

In the planned study, 60 patients with mild cystic fibrosis (CF) with and without the involvement of small airways (small airway disease - SAD) are to be compared with a historical control group matched in age and gender. During the first study visit subjects are asked to perform a pulmonary function test (spirometry, body plethysmography with helium, determination of "Trapped Air") and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) measurements will be done in exhaled air. In addition, a blood sample is drawn to describe inflammatory status. Sputum is induced as well. During the second study visit, a non-specific bronchial provocation test(methacholine PD20 FEV1) is performed. The aim of the study is to get a characterization of the bronchial and systemic inflammation (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, TNF-α, NFKB, and recognition structures like TLR2 and TLR4) in CF patients with and without the involvement of the small airways, which may point to new treatment strategies.

The goal of the study is to identify possible polymorphisms on the loci of candidate genes that may be involved in modulation of pain and inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome.

The objectives of this study are: 1) To determine whether patients with acute coronary syndrome, the level of environmental exposure to particulate air pollutants in the week prior to admission, are related to concentrations of inflammatory molecules and oxidative stress. 2) To investigate whether the level of environmental exposure is an independent prognostic factor in terms of overall and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction or unstable angina at 30 days, 6 and 12 months.

Framingham risk score is well known screening tool that detect cardiovascular (CV) risk. But it is not suitable for CV risk in mild risk group. So 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is a new imaging technique for detecting vascular inflammation within atherosclerotic plaques and hsCRP is also arising detection tool of CV risk. The investigators are examining this association in normal and impaired glucose tolerance patients groups.