Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

Very few studies have evaluated the effect of aleurone-enriched grains on cardiovascular risk factors. Price et al.(2010) have shown that 4-week supplementation of aleurone-enriched products (27 g/day of aleurone) increased betaine concentration in plasma whereas reduced homocysteine and LDL-cholesterol levels. Interestingly, aleurone had no effect on total antioxidant status or endothelial function, whereas an improvement of C-reactive protein was observed (Price RK et al, 2012). It is not known whether consumption of more than 27g/day of aleurone-enriched products with higher ferulic acid biodisponibility and longer time of treatment could influence these parameters in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Noteworthy, no studies have investigated the effect of aleurone-enriched products on fasting and postprandial glycemic homeostasis and lipid metabolism. In addition, mechanisms by which aleurone may act in vivo are still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate whether 8 weeks supplementation with aleurone-enriched products may influence glucose and lipid metabolism, incretin hormones levels, satiety, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function in overweight/obese subjects with high cardiovascular risk.

Inflammation and oxidative stress are common findings in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) undergoing conservative treatment, in addition to being associated with atherosclerotic process, are related also to the progression of CKD. In this regard, resveratrol, a phenolic compound with recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, can play an important role in the control of metabolic disorders associated with CKD, since it can modulate the mechanisms involved in inflammation and oxidative stress cycle. Resveratrol is capable of promoting the activation of the transcription-related factor-2 nuclear factor erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2) , a nuclear factor with anti-inflammatory properties, and SIRT-1, a protein also associated with the reduction of inflammation. These two factors, in their turn, are able to inhibit / antagonize the activity of the nuclear factor κB (NF-kB), a transcription factor that participates in the inflammatory response. Although it is a promising treatment, there are no studies evaluating the effects of resveratrol supplementation in patients with CKD. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of resveratrol supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress in patients undergoing conservative treatment of CKD.

Oxygen treatment is widely used in acutely ill patients. In particular, oxygen treatment is routinely used in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and variably recommended in ACS-guidelines, despite very limited data supporting a beneficial effect. Immediate re-opening of the acutely occluded infarct-related bloodvessel via primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the treatment of choice to limit ischemic injury in the setting of ST-elevation ACS (STE-ACS). However, the sudden re-initiation of blood flow achieved with primary PCI can give rise to further damage, so-called reperfusion injury. Ischemia and reperfusion associated myocardial injury (IR-injury) involves a wide range of pathological processes. Vascular leakage, activation of cell death programs, transcriptional reprogramming, no reflow phenomenon and innate and adaptive immune activation all contribute to tissue damage, thereby determining the infarct size. The effect of oxygen treatment on these pathological processes, on the extent of IR-injury and the final infarct size in STE-ACS patients has not previously been studied. ACS is characterized by a systemic inflammation with typical elevations of soluble inflammatory markers as well as changes in white blood cells. The inflammatory reaction might be considered helpful in restoring myocardial tissue structure and function, but on the other hand it might worsen IR-injury by activating various pathological processes. In human experimental studies, Salmonella typhi vaccine has been used to create a standardized model of systemic inflammation and when administered to healthy volunteers the vaccination has not been associated with any adverse events. In an ongoing register randomized multicentre clinical trial, the DETO2X (Determination of role of oxygen in suspected acute myocardial infarction) study, the effect of oxygen on morbidity and mortality in ACS patients is being investigated. In a substudy of the DETO2X-trial, the investigators have planned to evaluate the effect of oxygen treatment on IR-injury in STE-ACS as assessed by biomarkers reflecting various aspects of the pathological processes involved. The presented study is an experimental pilot study performed in healthy volunteers with a Salmonella typhi vaccine-induced inflammation with the purpose of studying effects of oxygen treatment on biological systems involved in the pathogenesis of IR- injury.

In this research study, Investigators will be comparing the effects of a medication Saxagliptin versus placebo (a similar looking pill that contains no medication) on inflammation in the body. Research Hypothesis DPP-4 inhibition by saxagliptin (ONGLYZA™) reduces adipose tissue inflammation in obese individuals and this is characterized by decreases in a) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, b) toll-like receptors (TLR) and NF-kappa B pathway activation, c) expression of pro-inflammatory genes, d) macrophage infiltration, and e) secretion of pro-inflammatory factors.

The study is a prospective, randomized, parallel-design, multicenter trial in patients ≥40 years of age undergoing cataract surgery. Patients who meet all inclusion and no exclusion criteria will be randomized to 1 of 2 treatment groups A single 5 mcl anterior chamber injection of IBI 10090, 103.4 mcg/mcl dexamethasone, equivalent dexamethasone dose: 517 mcg at the conclusion of cataract surgery or; Prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension 1% eye drops administered 1 drop 4 times daily (QID) for 3 weeks Safety will be assessed by adverse events (AEs), slit lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity, and specular microscopy endothelial cell count.

The purpose of this research study is to assess the clinical effectiveness of the procedure of a minimally invasive alveolar microperforation procedure to achieve accelerated tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. "Accelerated tooth movement" means that using the PROPEL™ device may help complete your treatment with braces on one side of your mouth sooner than would be expected if the device were not to be used.

This study investigates the efficacy of a proprietary probiotic formulation comprising 6 strains of bacteria in reducing inflammation and gingivitis in pediatric patients between 11 and 18 years old undergoing orthodontics treatment. Patients will be recruited based on a prior diagnosis of mild to moderate gingivitis by gingival index score. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive either the probiotic treatment or a placebo, both in the form of a dissolving lozenge; for which the placebo is exactly the same shape, texture, taste, and composition as the probiotic treatment, but does not contain the active probiotic ingredients. The lozenges are to be taken orally at a certain prescribed regimen for 28 days. Participants will be assessed for gingivitis scores, gum bleeding scores, plaque scores, overall periodontal health, and for precarious areas at baseline, 14, and 28 days. They will also be assessed for the same measures at day 56, following a 28-day wash-out phase. Plaque and saliva samples will be collected at all timepoints for in vitro analyses of changes in microbial pathogens and/or inflammatory cytokines.

This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of the trial is to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (exposure of the trial drug in the body) and pharmacodynamics (the effect of the investigated drug on the body) of NNC0215-0384 administered to subjects with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) concomitantly treated with methotrexate (MTX).

Investigators hypothesize that high-dose n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) oral supplementation will improve will improve systemic inflammation and patency of peripheral vascular intervention (PVI).

Randomized open label clinical trial in which 48 renal transplant recipients with inflammation in the 6 month allograft biopsy will either continue usual immunosuppression or receive monthly Actemra (Tocilizumab) infusions for 6 months in addition to usual immunosuppression.