Active clinical trials for "Metabolic Syndrome"

The purpose of this study is to compare abdominal weight gain and fat distribution in people taking aripiprazole versus risperidone or quetiapine, to people not taking any of these antipsychotic medications.

Intestinal bacteria can metabolize unabsorbed polyphenols (plant compounds) to produce smaller molecules which may impact health. In addition, evidence suggests that this process may be affected by body fatness. This study aims to investigate absorption of blackberry polyphenols, their impact on intestinal bacteria, polyphenol metabolites formed by intestinal bacteria, and how these processes differ for obese and lean individuals. It is hypothesized that polyphenol absorption and metabolism will differ between obese and lean individuals and that differences in intestinal microbiota may play a role.

This intervention aims to reduce obesity by using new type of nutritional and lifestyle therapy and in parallel, tailored persuasive information and communications technology (ICT)-technology based application. The study hypothesis is that obesity cannot be reduced just by distributing nutritional information. Instead, by influencing also the eating behavior, permanent lifestyle changes can be achieved. The effect of the therapy along the time-line, the health information literacy of the study persons and the changes in it will be studied at different phases of the intervention. The research will be carried out in three groups of different nutritional therapies with a parallel ICT-intervention group for each.

SUBJECTS: All participants in the RADIEL-study (2008-2011) who delivered (n=535), will be invited to this follow-up study, with their children (age 3-5 years) and the father. The investigations are carried out during two separate visits. The father receives mail questionnaires OVERALL OBJECTIVES: To determine the long-term effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in high risk women and their offspring a in reducing the incidence of T2DM and cardiovascular disease and their risk factors b in preventing obesity c on biomarkers d on genetic and epigenetics markers . To study the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and metabolic markers in the offspring at age 3-5 years. To study the association between maternal exercise habits during pregnancy and metabolic markers in the offspring at age 3-5 years. To study the association between maternal a) glucose-insulin metabolism b) lipid metabolism c) adipoinsulinar axis and d) inflammatory markers and birth size and later health outcomes in the mothers and their offspring. To study the association between gut microbiota and markers of offspring health To study associations between offspring cardiovascular morphology/function, offspring body size/composition, and maternal cardiovascular risk To study the cost effectiveness of the intervention. METHODS: Maternal measurements Height, weight, waist and hip circumference Blood pressure, pulse Body fat percentage Blood tests e.g. markers of glucose metabolism and lipids, vitamin D, Calcium and bone markers, DNA sample and inflammation markers Fecal and hair samples Diurnal salivary cortisol assessment Background questionnaire: socioeconomic and health-related background Health-related quality of life (15-D). 3-day food diary and exercise diary ArmBand (acceleration sensor), assessment of physical activity and sleep for 7 days Psychological questionnaires Pulse wave velocity (PWV) will be assessed Advanced glycation endproducts - a marker of cardiovascular health will be assessed Dental and oral health Bone health VHRU of arterial structure Paternal measurements Background questionnaire (incl. height, weight, age) DNA-sample (buccal) 3-day food diary Psychological questionnaires Physical activity questionnaire (12 months) Measurements of children Body weight, height, blood pressure, pulse Body fat percentage Psychological questionnaires Food and physical activities diaries ActiGraph, assessment of physical activity and sleep for 7 days Blood samples e.g. glucose- and insulin metabolism, lipids, vitamin D and calcium metabolism, DNA-sample and samples for inflammation markers Fecal, urine and hair samples A copy of child welfare center card (e.g. data on growth, immunizations, health) Endothelial function and pulse wave velocity (PWV) Bone health with peripheral CT Heart structure and function VHRU of arterial structure TIMETABLE Follow up starts in January 2014, and will continue until 2018. Data analysis starts in 2017 and results will be reported from 2018 onwards in international peer-reviewed journals.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether oral supplementation with one form of arginine improves vascular endothelial function in healthy subjects with risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome

The prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in children have been increasing in parallel at an alarming rate. In particular, the increasing prevalence of type 2 DM is attributable to genetic factors, clinical (waist circumference, adiposity and physical condition) and biochemical (insulin secretion and sensitivity, lipids and inflammation) risk, each of which represents an independent risk. As has already studied and published in the investigators' group, the child population of Toluca has greater expression of cardiovascular risk factors than their counterparts in Bogota, Colombia. The metabolic characterization of the young population of Toluca and Bogota with new biomarkers such as homocysteine and leptin is an activity that aims to provide more metabolic data affecting young people. Hypothesis: After six months of follow-up there will be a greater relative risk in Mexican population to have identified another component of metabolic syndrome compared to the young population of Colombia.

Increasing rates of highly malignant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancers (GBTC) observed in Western populations may be related to obesogenic lifestyle factors and their metabolic consequences, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), inflammation and altered production of bile acids (BA). Such lifestyle behaviours may induce changes in the gut microflora which in turn affect BA profiles, increasing their carcinogenicity. Some elevated BA may be oncogenic in exposed liver, bile ducts and gall bladder. Vertical sleeve gastrectomy may change bile acid composition. The aims of this study are: whether specific presurgical bila acid profiles are predictive of efficacy of vertical sleeve gastrectomy, reflective of liver function and metabolic dysfunction; whether specific presurgical bile acid profiles are predictive of the efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy

Coleus forskohlii extract contains the bioactive compound, forskolin. Preliminary studies have shown that forskolin can increase fat metabolism thus reduce fat accumulation in both animals and humans. It has been suggested that forskolin may also suppress appetite thus reduce energy intake and results in weight loss. This study will evaluate the appetite suppressant properties of Coleus forskohlii extract. In addition the effect on central obesity and risk factors of metabolic syndrome will also be investigated.

Tree nuts (almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts) are an important source of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable protein, and fibre, as well as minerals, vitamins, and phytonutrients. Although heart disease risk reduction claims for nuts have been permitted in the U.S. and general dietary guidelines and recommendations from heart associations recommend the consumption of nuts for heart protection, diabetes associations have not addressed nuts in their most recent recommendations. This omission is despite heart disease being a major cause of death in diabetes. There remains insufficient information on the usefulness of these foods in diabetes. To improve evidence-based guidance for tree nut recommendations, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review of the effect of tree nuts on diabetes control and features of the metabolic syndrome. The systematic review process allows the combining of the results from many small studies in order to arrive at a pooled estimate, similar to a weighted average, of the true effect. The investigators will be able to explore whether eating tree nuts has different effects between men and women, in different age groups and background disease states, and whether or not the effect of tree nuts depends on the dose and background diet. The findings of this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of Canadians through informing diabetes association recommendations and heart association recommendations where they relate to diabetes.

To conduct genetic studies of the metabolic syndrome characterized by very low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hypertriglyceridemia, and obesity.