Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Omega-3 fatty acids belong to the family of polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are known to exert a strong positive influence on metabolism and inflammation. The data from animal studies suggested that both probiotics and omega-3 can affect body weight, influence on glucose and fat metabolism, improve insulin sensitivity and reduce chronic systemic inflammation. In respect to experimental data, the current study aim was to provide double-blind single center RCT, for study the efficacy of co-administration of probiotic with omega-3 vs. placebo in type 2 diabetes patient

The obesity epidemic calls for new therapeutic opportunities to prevent and treat obesity and its comorbidities amongst which are insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence suggests that tissue oxygenation plays an important role in cardiometabolic health. Remarkably, individuals residing at high altitude (hypobaric hypoxia) are less prone to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to individuals living at sea-level (normobaric normoxia). Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that normobaric hypoxia exposure may improve glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in both rodents and humans. The level of physical activity is an important determinant of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. It is well established that performing physical activity improves glucose uptake in the short term, and glycemic control in the long term. Interestingly, recent studies have demonstrated that an acute bout of exercise under hypoxic conditions (inhalation of air containing less oxygen) may lead to a more pronounced improvement in plasma glucose concentrations and/or insulin sensitivity as compared to normoxic exercise. However, the effects of repeated hypoxic exercise bouts on glucose profile throughout the day (i.e. 24h continuous glucose monitoring) remain elusive. In the present randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, cross-over study study, the investigators will investigate the effects of exercise under mild normobaric hypoxic conditions (FiO2, 15%) for 4 consecutive days (2 x 30-min cycling session at 50% WMAX) on postprandial substrate metabolism and 24h-glucose level in overweight/obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. The investigators hypothesize that 4 consecutive days of exposure to mild hypoxia while performing moderate intensity exercise improves glucose homeostasis in overweight and obese individuals with impaired glucose homeostasis.

To evaluate the effects of preoperative oral carbohydrate on postoperative insulin resistance and tumor immunity in cervical cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Individuals with pre-diabetes or diabetes would benefit from low impact methods that would improve their insulin sensitivity and aid in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Physical activity helps the body decrease its insulin resistance and burn excess sugar. Many diabetics also suffer from obesity and specific forms or durations of physical exercise may not be viable options for these individuals. Determining whether short bursts of moderate exercise improve blood glucose levels in healthy humans may identify a further method for diabetics to improve their glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study is to determine the most effective moderate exercise that can be completed in 3 minutes and its effectiveness on improving glucose handling, in response to a single day of standardized high-fat and high-carbohydrate feeding in comparison to periods of prolonged sitting.

This study will investigate the relationship between resistance training load and repetitions on cardiometabolic outcomes. The primary objective of this clinical trial is to determine whether high load or low load resistance exercise training affects arterial stiffness in overweight or obese men and women. Our secondary objectives are to investigate the effects of high and low load RT on vascular function, cardiac structure, and markers of insulin sensitivity. Finally, we are going to preliminarily explore the effects of resistance training on intestinal bacteria.

The primary objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of an intervention with high-intensity interval, low volume training (HIIT-LV) or continuous aerobic exercise (CAE) on insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity and percentage of pancreatic β-cell function in adults with metabolic syndrome (MS). The secondary objective is to compare the efficacy of an intervention with HIIT-LV or CAE on glycosylated hemoglobin, mass and muscle fibre type composition of right thigh and plasma levels of musclin and apelin in adults with MS. The investigators hypothesized that HIIT-LV is more effective in decreasing insulin resistance and glycosylated hemoglobin and plasma concentrations of musclin and increasing plasma concentrations of apelin, and both mass and muscle fibre type I percentage in thigh, than CAE.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical entity that includes several disorders that predispose to imbalance in lipid metabolism: hypertension, insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity and low levels of high density lipoprotein. The SM itself has a great impact on morbidity and mortality and is also related to increased cerebrovascular risk and Diabetes Mellitus 2 (DM2). In Colombia, DM2 is one of the 10 leading causes of illness and death in people over 45 years. It is accepted that insulin resistance is a stage that precedes the onset of DM2, but there are few alternatives to reverse it or prevent its progression to diabetes. The control of insulin resistance requires increased physical activity, reduced body weight and changes in eating patterns, measures that are not easily adopted in modern Western society. There is evidence of the effect of chocolate consumption on increasing insulin sensitivity in both hypertensive diabetic patients as well as in normal individuals, apparently because of the ability of cocoa polyphenols to increase the bioavailability of nitric oxide, Formation of reactive species of oxine, optimizing carbohydrate metabolism and modulating insulin-related cellular signaling events. A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial evaluating the effect of 50 g of chocolate with 70% cocoa solids, which contributes at least 430 mg of polyphenols, is conducted for 8 weeks in The reduction of insulin resistance defined by the reduction of the HOMA-IR index. In addition, there was an increase in arterial reactivity in non-diabetic individuals with central obesity and insulin resistance. Likewise, to infer the effect of this food intervention in the modification of the total cardiometabolic risk of the participants.

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect ofRutin and Vitamin C combination in comparison with vitamin C alone on the oxidative and antioxidative status , insulin resistance and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients.

Chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in adverse soft tissue body composition changes and an extremely sedentary lifestyle. These abrupt changes often lead to a high prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases, such as impaired glucose tolerance/diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, conditions which predispose those with SCI to an increased risk for cardiovascular disease compared to the general population. Due to paralysis and wheel chair dependence, maintaining an adequate level of physical activity to counteract these deleterious metabolic changes presents a unique obstacle because conventional first line interventions are lifestyle modifications (e.g., diet and exercise), which may be difficult to achieve. Recently, a new medication has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to improve glycemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus, and it has also been investigated as an off-label treatment to induce weight loss. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are a class of drugs designed to mimic the endogenous incretin hormones released from the gut in a glucose dependent manner following a meal. The mechanisms of action for this drug class of medications include stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release, slowed gastric emptying, and reduction of postprandial glucose excursions following food intake. In addition to improved glycemic control, this class of medications also shows promise for its non-glycemic action of facilitating weight loss. The method of delivery of the GLP-1's is by self-administered injections once daily or once weekly, depending on the severity of the clinical case and therapeutic targets for a specific patient.

Probiotics have beneficial effect on obesity related disorders in animal models. Despite a large number of animal data, randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCT) concluded that probiotics have a moderate effect on glycemic control-related parameters. However, effect of probiotics on insulin resistance are inconsistent. In this double-blind single center RCT, effect of alive multistrain probiotic vs. placebo on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patient will be assessed.