Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

The aim of this project is to determine role for ET-1 in individuals with obesity.

Obesity is a serious medical condition, the adverse consequences of which include increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, reduced fertility and cancer. The economic cost of obesity was placed at $58 billion dollars in Australia in 2008 [1]. Studies in mice and non-human primates have shown that moderate caloric restriction (CR) increases lifespan and reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes [2]. Reduced risk of chronic diseases is also observed in humans following CR [3]. However, daily CR is difficult to maintain long term, since the body defends against weight loss by inducing "metabolic adaptation"[3] and altering the hormonal appetite response [4]. An emerging number of studies are examining the effects of limiting food intake to prescribed time periods per day, or every other day. Time restricted feeding (TRF) describes a dieting approach where food is available ad libitum, however only for a limited period of time (i.e. 3-12 hours). This pilot study will examine the effects of restricting daily food intake to within a 10 hour period on glycaemic control, body weight and biomarkers of metabolic health for 6-weeks. This study will build on the existing knowledge base in humans as to whether meal timing, rather than caloric restriction per se, is important to provide the stimulus required to improve metabolic health and reduce risk of chronic disease.

The purpose of this study is to measure the metabolic and behavioral effects of a 12-week yoga program coupled to health education (HED) compared to HED alone.

A Phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center study of cenicriviroc (CVC) to be conducted in approximately 50 adult obese subjects [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m^2] with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus and suspected NALFD.

The metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension and an inflammatory state, which together increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). It is also characterized by a decreased insulin sensitivity, namely, lower ability of insulin to metabolize glucose, key in the physiopathogeny of disease process. In the search for a pharmacological agent that can attend more components of the metabolic syndrome and above all improve insulin sensitivity to effectively prevent the development of CVD and DM2, ursolic acid is a promising compound. Ursolic acid is a pentacyclic carboxylic acid present in medicinal herbs, parts of some fruits like apple peel, and plants such as rosemary. There is scientific evidence of important benefits of ursolic acid level in vitro and in vivo on insulin, metabolism of lipids and glucose, as well as on the body weight and metabolic parameters. However, the results are not clear and the mechanisms are not fully elucidate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of ursolic acid on the insulin sensitivity and metabolic syndrome.

This is a 3-arm, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, and controlled clinical study over 6 months of treatment to evaluate the metabolic and clinical efficacy as well as the safety of DLBS3233 alone, metformin and combination of both, in improving metabolic and reproductive parameters.

The Metabolic Syndrome is a high prevalence disease worldwide. About a quarter of the adult population suffers the disease. Dapagliflozin is an inhibitor of the sodium-glucose co-transporter SGLT2 in the kidney and is a novel treatment for diabetes type 2. Some studies indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors have benefits on blood pressure, triglycerides levels and help to raise the levels of high density lipoproteins cholesterol (c-HDL). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. The investigators hypothesis is that the administration of dapagliflozin modifies the metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion.

This project is prompted by the urgent public health need to identify novel strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The higher prevalence of CVD, T2D, and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals is a major healthcare concern. Therefore, finding optimal intervention strategies to combat these growing epidemics is imperative.

Genomics research is advancing rapidly, and links between genes and obesity continue to be discovered and better defined. A growing number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in multiple genes have been shown to alter an individual's response to dietary macronutrient composition. Based on prior genetic studies evaluating the body's physiological responses to dietary carbohydrates or fats, the investigators identified multi-locus genotype patterns with SNPs from three genes (FABP2, PPARG, and ADRB2): a low carbohydrate-responsive genotype (LCG) and a low fat-responsive genotype (LFG). In a preliminary, retrospective study (using the A TO Z weight loss study data), the investigators observed a 3-fold difference in 12-month weight loss for initially overweight women who were determined to have been appropriately matched vs. mismatched to a low carbohydrate (Low Carb) or low fat (Low Fat) diet based on their multi-locus genotype pattern. The primary objective of this study is to confirm and expand on the preliminary results and determine if weight loss success can be increased if the dietary approach (Low Carb vs. Low Fat) is appropriately matched to an individual' s genetic predisposition (Low Carb Genotype vs. Low Fat Genotype) toward those diets.

The purpose of this research study is to understand the effects of testosterone and estrogen on the body's response to the hormone insulin.