Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

Prolonged fasting may increase the organic response to trauma. Carbohydrate-based drinks have been tested and they may reduce insulin resistance. No study so far has aimed to examine the possible benefits of whey protein drink in the composition of preoperative drinks.

The study hypothesis is that the means by which HCV induces glucose intolerance is through impairment of B-cell function and compensatory hyperinsulinemia in predisposed Latinos with insulin resistance and that HCV eradication improves these abnormalities. It is also hypothesized that moderate alcohol consumption impact insulin sensitivity and secretion with Latinos with or without HCV infection.

The investigators will use exercise training and weight loss to discover localized lipid species related to diabetes risk in people.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development and progression of chronic complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, diabetic chronic renal disease, cardiovascular events) in patients with type 1 diabetes treated from the onset of the disease with recommended method of intensive insulin therapy. All patients attended a five-day structured training program during first hospitalization and re-education once year during the observation. After five years of observation and next - once a year chronic complications are assessed. The investigators would like to evaluate also the relationship of the management of the disease, knowledge about the treatment and diabetes, insulin resistance and inflammatory markers with development and progression of chronic complications.

Insulin is crucial to help the body metabolize ('burn') sugar (glucose). Even though juvenile (type 1) diabetes (T1D) is primarily due to the lack of insulin, patients with T1D tend to become less sensitive to insulin, particularly during adolescence. The overall objective of this project is to gain further insight into the possible benefits of supplementation with glutamine (GLN), a natural dietary amino acid, enhancing insulin sensitivity in adolescents with T1D. To elucidate the impact of glutamine, the investigators will use a method called the 'euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp': it consists of giving an IV drip of insulin, while the drop in blood sugar is prevented by giving variable, precisely measured amounts of glucose by vein: the amount of glucose required to prevent a drop in blood sugar reflects the body's sensitivity to insulin. The investigators will also give an IV drip of glucose and arginine (a building block of protein) 'tagged' with non-radioactive isotopes to better understand how glutamine may work. This procedure will be performed in 2 groups of 10 adolescents in the morning either after a strenuous exercise performed the previous afternoon (group 1; n=10), or after a sedentary day (group 2; n=10). Each subject will be studied twice, once after taking oral GLN, once after placebo, in separate clinical research center (CRC) admissions a few weeks apart, in random order. Should the investigators hypothesis prove to be true, it would warrant long term studies to determine whether sustained dietary GLN supplementation can decrease insulin requirements and ultimately improve diabetes control in teenagers with T1DM, If successful, this approach could potentially have a significant positive impact in terms of adolescent health.

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether MICARDIS® improves insulin sensitivity in overweight or obese, non-diabetic, normotensive subjects.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the link between insulin resistance and alterations in skeletal muscle mitochondrial redox homeostasis

This protocol will investigate physiological parameters including insulin sensitivity and counterregulatory function using a mixed meal test and induced hypoglycemia in subjects with type I diabetes.

Obesity is an important health problem of modern civilization. In Western societies, almost half of the adult population has problems with an increased body weight. Products containing nutritional fiber has been used by humans for thousands of years. However, beta-glucan as biologically active compound, present in these products, has been identified relatively lately. This substance is a polymer of glucose and is present in two forms: 1,3D-1,6D and 1,3D-1,4D. Water-insoluble beta-glucan (1,3D-1,6D) has immunomodulatory properties. The aim of the study was the assessment of the influence of beta-glucan 1,3D-1,6D added to the low-calorie diet on insulin sensitivity and the expression of selected proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in obese humans with normal glucose tolerance. The study group consisted of 40 subjects with marked overweight or obesity (body mass index, BMI > 28 kg/m2), without serious concomitant diseases not taking drugs affecting glucose or lipid metabolism, nonsmokers. Only volunteers, who gave written informed consent, after receiving a full information about the aim and the design of the study, were recruited. At the beginning of the study, after subjects' qualification to the project and before the dietary intervention, the investigators performed: anthropometric measurements. oral glucose tolerance test. euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. PBMC isolation before and after the clamp. biopsy of subcutaneous adipose tissue before the clamp. isolation of mRNA from PBMC and adipose tissue. Then, the expression of the selected genes with the Real Time PCR was measured. After the initial visit, participants received detailed instructions about low-calorie diet, with the aim of reduction of 5-7% of body weight and the examples of menu for 14 days. Then, participants were randomly assigned to a group receiving or not beta-glucan preparation, as a addition to the low-calorie diet. Each group consisted of 20 subjects. Subjects assigned to a group receiving beta-glucan, received the preparation (BETA GLUCAN 1,3-1,6 Laboratoria Natury 500mg) together with the detailed instruction of its usage. This preparation is used as a non-prescription diet supplement, and the dose of 500 mg daily is indicated by the manufacturer. After 12 weeks of low-calorie diet, without or with beta-glucan, all the examinations performed at the beginning of the study were repeated.

The goal of the study is to demonstrate whether a switch from insulin therapy to an oral therapy with pioglitazone/glimepiride will lead to a deterioration of glycemic control (increase in HbA1c by more than 0.5 %) within a 6 month observation period.