Active clinical trials for "Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic"

Chronic hepatic illness is one of the most serious health issues . Liver cirrhosis as the latest phase of chronic liver disease causes a disorder called cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction syndrome (CAIDS) . Cirrhosis comes to be a systemic disease, with several organ disorders. At this phase, patients become highly vulnerable to various infections because of CAIDS, which comprises both innate and adaptive immunity). Patients with hepatic cirrhosis and ascites are more liable to other complications of liver disease, including hyponatremia, refractory ascites, or hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) . Liver cirrhotic patients are considered to be as immunosuppressed and are vulnerable to a different species of entero-parasites . Intestinal parasitic diseases have been reported in association with diabetes mellitus (DM) which is considered a predisposing factor to infection in cirrhotic patients . Immunosuppression among DM cases is due to increased blood glucose levels, which modifies several immune responses and this renders the body susceptible to various opportunistic infections comprising parasitic infections Intestinal parasites such as Blastocystis hominis, Cryptosporidium spp., Isospora belli, Cyclospora cayetanensis, and Microsporidia have appeared as significant opportunistic parasites that are responsible for severe illness in immunocompromised patients , subsequently, patients suffer from severe morbidity and high mortality).

Intestinal parasitic infections such as Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolyica and Enterobius Vermicularis are among the most common infections worldwide.So parasitic infections are considered one of the major health problems in the world especially in developing countries. Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative,helical-shaped,motile bacillus bacterium,which colonizes the gastric mucosa. H.pylori bacterium secretes urease,a special enzyme that converts urea to ammonia. Ammonia reduces the stomach's acidity .This risk factor allows pathogenic intestinal protozoa such as G.lamblia to take the opportunity to cross through the stomach's increased pH and cause disease.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common medical disorder and represent a group of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that is characterized by chronic abdominal pain , bloating , passage of mucus or straining with bowel movements, sense of incomplete evacuation after bowel movements or sense of urgency to move the bowels.Several parasites including Entamoeba. histolytica, Giardia spp., Blastocystis. hominis, and Trichinella spp. have been discussed as contributing factors to the development of IBS. B. hominis is one of the most common human intestinal protozoa in both developing and developed countries. some studies have reported a significant association between the parasitic infections, especially Blastocystis, and IBS.Cryptosporidium has been reported in IBS patients, with the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms after an acute episode of cryptosporidiosis despite recovery and parasite clearance.Numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the association between the parasitic infections and IBS. Aim of the work: To detect prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in irritable bowel syndrome patients in sohag.

This study aims to evaluate the intestinal parasitic infections in patients with intestinal cancer in comparison to non-cancer individuals

Investigators from Cayetano Heredia University and Johns Hopkins University are doing this study. They want to see how people and pigs get infected with a parasite, called cysticercus (known as "pig triquina"). Cysticercus attacks the meat of pigs and the brains of people. In the intestine, the parasite is known as "solitaria". This study is to see how treatment in both people and pigs works to control the disease.

People of all ages are affected by intestinal parasitic infections(IPIs) ; however, children are the most commonly affected, which is linked to their poor hygienic practices, and weak immune status. In children, IPIs are associated with malabsorption, weight loss, anemia, poor growth rate, learning difficulties, mental retardation and intellectual problems . The difficulty of diagnosis is the main problem in the control of intestinal parasitic infections. The choice of a particular technique is usually influenced by affordability, simplicity, cost, sensitivity in addition to the level of technical skills involved. Microscopic examination remains the cornerstone of parasitological diagnosis which is time consuming and requires an experienced observer to identify the organism. Formalin-ether sedimentation technique is commonly used in laboratories owing to its ability to isolate a large variety of parasites. However, it's a labor intensive procedure and is usually associated with hazards of using the inflammable lipid solvents. The drawbacks of the previous techniques have encouraged the development of commercial products such as Feconomics which is a new ready to use kit for concentration of stool samples in parasitological diagnosis. The aim of the study is : evaluation of the efficacy of Feconomics technique in comparison to traditional techniques i.e., direct smear and formalin ethyl acetate sedimentation technique for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites in school children.

Worldwide, over 2 billion people suffer from worm infections in developing countries. These infections are especially damaging to the health of children, resulting in both short-term and lifelong disability. Older children with worm infections are more likely to be stunted, underweight, vulnerable to other illnesses and perform poorly in school compared to non-infected children. Large-scale deworming programs in school-age children are therefore recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO also recommends deworming of preschool-age children (as of 12 months of age) in these areas; however, the benefits of deworming, especially in the 12-24 month age group, have been inadequately studied. This knowledge is urgently needed as studies show that all children have a similar potential for healthy growth and development, provided that appropriate nutrition and health interventions are given in the critical window of opportunity before the age of two. Therefore, the investigators are proposing to undertake a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of deworming program for improving growth and development in children between 12 and 24 months of age. Our results will provide solid rigorous evidence on if, when, and how often, deworming should be integrated into routine child health care packages provided by Ministries of Health in the 130 countries in the world where worm infections are endemic.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest cancer incidence in the world. There is mounting evidence that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. but there is no information on protozoa of intestinal microbiota except Blastocystis hominis, although data on this issue is scarce. In this study we are going to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal helminthes and protozoa in CRC patients and control group that includes random residents. Patients will be examined before, after surgery and chemotherapy. Parasites and protozoan infection intensity will be estimated by triple coproscopy.

Intestinal parasitic infections, malnutrition and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) are still considered as public health problems in rural Malaysia especially among Orang Asli children. Despite intermittent control programmes, the prevalence of these problems is still high suggesting the need of other control and interventions measures. This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out among Orang Asli schoolchildren from Sekolah Kebangsaan Betau in Pos Betau, Pahang (200 km northeast Kuala Lumpur) to investigate the effects of vitamin A supplementation on intestinal parasitic reinfections, growth, iron status and educational achievement. HYPOTHESES Vitamin A supplementation has a negative effect on intestinal parasitic reinfections and the worm burden of infections among Orang Asli schoolchildren in Pos Betau, Kuala Lipis, Pahang. Vitamin A supplementation has a positive effect on growth (weight and height) among Orang Asli schoolchildren. Vitamin A supplementation is effective in improving serum iron status among Orang Asli schoolchildren. Vitamin A supplementation has a positive effect on cognitive function and educational achievement among Orang Asli schoolchildren.

Women of reproductive age are considered a high-risk group for worm infections by the World Health Organization. Maternal infection and anemia contribute to infant malnutrition by affecting milk quality and quantity, and duration of exclusive breastfeeding. To date, no study has investigated the health benefits of postpartum deworming to infants or mothers. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted in Peru to investigate the effectiveness of integrating deworming into routine postpartum care. The primary measure of effect will be infant weight gain between birth and six months of age. Other infant and maternal health indicators will also be ascertained.