Active clinical trials for "Intracranial Embolism"

To use transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound to detect stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease.

There is increasing evidence that renal replacement therapy (= continuous veno-venous hemodialysis) generates cerebral microembolism which is detectable on transcranial Doppler ultrasound. The aim of this study is to monitor patients with transcranial Doppler under two conditions: during hemodialysis and in a hemodialysis-free interval (in each period cerebral embolic load is detected during 30 minutes). The study hypothesis is that during hemodialysis the cerebral embolic load is significantly higher than in the hemodialysis-free interval.

The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that using three different techniques to anastomose coronary grafts to the aorta: partial occlusion, single cross clamp, or using the Heartstring anastomotic device, will change the amount of gas and solid microemboli as detected by the EmbodopR transcranial Doppler (TCD) system and consequently the neurocognitive performance of patients after coronary bypass operation.

BACKGROUND In 2012 76,497 primary total knee (TKR) replacements were performed in England, Wales and Northern Ireland . Traditionally TKR surgery is undertaken with the aid of a surgical tourniquet. A surgical tourniquet is an occlusive device applied around a patient's leg. The tourniquet squeezes the leg (including blood vessels within the leg) and can therefore reduce the amount of bleeding that occurs while it is inflated. An intraoperative tourniquet can therefore help to improve the surgical field of view. Although the majority of surgeons prefer to undertake TKR surgery using a tourniquet a small but increasing number are now not pursuing these devices. There is robust evidence that the risk of deep vein thrombosis is increased if a tourniquet is used for TKR surgery. In addition embolic material in the venous system have been observed following TKR surgery and have been noted to be present in the right atrium with transoesophageal (TOE) echo intra-operatively. , Significant and potentially life threatening emboli have been documented to enter the cerebral circulation via pulmonary arterio-venous shunts and patent foramen ovale (PFO) (27% of patients at autopsy) , . The clinical manifestations of cerebral emboli post tourniquet deflation in TKR are not fully understood. Fat embolism syndrome and post-operative confusion in TKR patients may be the result of emboli formed during a TKR. , AIM Is there evidence of emboli entering the cerebral circulation following tourniquet deflation in TKR surgery? Is there evidence of MRI detectable brain lesions and or any clinical change in cognition compared in patients undergoing TKR surgery with a tourniquet compared to those that do not have a tourniquet?

The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence of silent and apparent cerebral embolism between conventional and minimal-invasive transfemoral aortic valve repair.

During different interventional cardiology procedures we aim to identify cerebral microemboli load. Further we aim to differentiate the quality and the quantity of cerebral microemboli.We will measure cerebral microemboli in different interventional phases, e.g. during valve deployment, rapid pacing, post-implantation.

The purpose of this study is get to know what and how Shuxuening injection in hospital results in adverse events or adverse drug reactions from a cohort event monitoring.