Active clinical trials for "Kidney Diseases"

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a side-effect of intravascular administration of iodinated contrast material. It is defined as an absolute (>44μmol/l) or relative (>25%) increase in serum creatinine from baseline values within 48-72 hours of iodinated contrast material administration, and usually resolves within two weeks. In some cases CIN has been associated with persistent renal failure, increased risk of dialysis, and mortality. It is not clear however, whether CIN is causally related to this increased risk or whether risk of morbidity and mortality is inherent in those at risk of CIN. CIN itself is asymptomatic and no treatment for CIN exists. Therefore, the focus lies on its prevention. Prevention guidelines have been drawn up in most countries and been implemented in most radiological departments. In the Netherlands, currently two guidelines for the prevention of CIN coexist, issued by CBO (Centraal BegeleidingsOrgaan) and VMS (Veiligheids Management Systeem). The prevention guidelines aim to increase patient safety by identifying patients that may be at risk of CIN (mostly patients with chronic renal insufficiency), and subsequently administering prophylactic intravenous hydration to the so identified patients, in order to prevent CIN (intravenous normal saline 4-12 hours before and 4-12 hours after exposure to iodinated contrast material). Needless to say, the introduction of these guidelines has had a great impact on patient- and health care burden. In the Netherlands alone it is estimated that yearly 100.000 to 150.000 patients receive the prophylactic treatment, incurring a total cost of over 50 million Euro. Considering the steady yearly increase of contrast procedures and the ageing population, it is evident that, in future, these numbers shall only increase further. The prophylactic treatment prescribed by the guidelines is based on a consensus of the opinion of experts in general agreement that the treatment is beneficial. However, the effectiveness of prophylactic hydration has never been adequately evaluated. Sufficiently large randomised trials comparing prophylactic intravenous hydration with a proper control group receiving no prophylactic treatment are not available, and baseline CIN incidences in untreated populations are unknown. Thus, it is not clear whether prophylactic hydration achieves its aim to prevent CIN. In order to be able to take effective measures to the benefit of patient safety, it is important to distinguish between the mechanisms underlying CIN and the ensuing increased risk of morbidity and mortality: whether it be biological variation of serum creatinine, renal damage, or cholesterol embolism; whether any causality exists between these and iodinated contrast material; and whether prophylactic intravenous hydration can prevent these from occurring without incurring more risks than it removes. These, in short, are the aims of the AMACING study.

The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL; NCT 01169259) is a randomized clinical trial in 20,000 U.S. men and women investigating whether taking daily dietary supplements of vitamin D3 (2000 IU) or fish oil (1 gram of omega-3 fatty acids) reduces the risk of developing cancer, heart disease, and stroke in people who do not have a prior history of these illnesses. This ancillary study is being conducted among participants in VITAL with a history of diabetes and will examine whether vitamin D or fish oil prevents the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease.

The purpose of the study is to validate a new reference marker for evaluation of renal function (glomerular filtration rate).

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of CLP on serum potassium and signs and symptoms of fluid overload in heart failure patients with chronic kidney disease.

This is a randomized double blinded placebo control studies are performed in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. After informed consent, intervention group receives probiotics containing 109 CFU B. bifidum, B.catenulatum, B. longum, and L.plantarm), while placebo group receives corn starch. In the first year the investigators examine the 60 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, in the second year the investigators do the 60 hemodialysis (HD) patients, and in the third year the investigators do the 60 stage 3 and 4 CKD patients. Primary endpoint is cardiovascular event, gastrointestinal symptoms, peritonitis in PD patients, and progression of stage 3 and 4 CKD. Values are compared between the groups by unpaired t test. X2 testis used to compare proportions between the groups. Relative risk and the number needed to treat, both with 95% CI, are used to describe the treatment effect of probiotics. A p value less than 0•05 is regarded as statistically significant.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and PK following a single administration of BPS804 in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5D (CKD-5D) on hemodialysis.

The goal of this proposal is to conduct a pilot study to access the antiproteinuric effect of aliskiren in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Patients will be treated for 3 months with aliskiren aiming to achieve the maximum tolerated dose and blood pressure (>100 but <125 mmHg systolic BP >75% of the readings).

The aim of the study is to assess the effects of the drug lanthanum carbonate (a phosphorus binder drug) on c-terminal and on FGF23 levels in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Targeting FGF23 measurement in CKD patients may impact both the progression of kidney disease and patient mortality.

Infection is the second-leading cause of death in individuals requiring dialysis treatment for kidney failure. New research suggests the high risk of infection may be due in part to low levels of vitamin D, which are extremely common in kidney disease. This study is designed to determine safe and effective ways to raise vitamin D levels while monitoring effects on the immune system.

The purpose of this study is whether Acetazolamide is effective in prevention of contrast nephropathy