Active clinical trials for "Kidney Diseases"

The corticomedullary gradient is largely responsible for developing the gradients that are needed to concentrate urine (more solutes and less water). The ability of the kidneys to produce concentrated urine is a major determinant of the ability to survive the warm weather. When temperatures are high, we lose water through sweat, and so the kidneys retain water to maintain fluidity in the blood. The maintenance of a sodium (salt) gradient is required for urine concentration because increased medullary sodium concentration increases the reabsorption of water into the kidney, to be redistributed in the blood. The purpose of this study is to know if the corticomedullary gradient is altered in patients across a wide spectrum of kidney disease using sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), a machine that takes pictures and measures the salt content in the kidneys. 23Na kidney MRI, will provide functional MR of the kidney as a non-invasive tool to describe medullary function to improve management of chronic and kidney disease.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications associated with diabetic patients, and also the major global cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are currently recognized clinical indicators for early diagnosis of DN, however, the sensitivity and specificity are unsatisfactory. The early identification and treatment of DKD are conducive to lowering the risk of kidney damage by as much as 50%. Therefore, it is particularly critical to find new biomarkers to reflect the potential DKD lesions in the clinical silent period earlier and more accurately. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the differentially expressed lipids in early DKD, T2DM and healthy adults by mass spectrometry, and verify the related results by larger samples, so as to screen out early markers of DKD and achieve the ultimate goal of clinical application.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic cause of renal failure. For several decades, ADPKD was regarded as an adult-onset disease. In the last decade, it has become more widely appreciated that the disease course begins in childhood. However, evidence-based guidelines on how to manage and approach children diagnosed with or at-risk for of ADPKD are lacking. Overall, there is insufficient data on the clinical course during childhood. The study intends to get more information on Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) and other hepato/renal fibrocystic diseases. Additionally, the study intends to expand web-based resources so anyone can learn about ADPKD or other hepato/renal fibrocystic diseases. Individuals diagnosed with the dominant form of a hepato/renal fibrocystic condition are invited to be in the study.

In health, blood pressure (BP) falls at night by >10% compared with day-time values. This natural dipping pattern is important as without it there is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent evidence suggests that chronotherapy (taking anti-hypertensive medication at bedtime instead of in the morning) may enhance nocturnal BP dipping and reduce the risk of CVD events. There is therefore an urgent need to characterise diurnal BP patterns in patients who may be at risk of reduced nocturnal dipping in order to maximise protective therapy in all those who would benefit. Similarly, it has previously been demonstrated that increased arterial stiffness is associated with increased CVD risk, however little is known about whether loss of diurnal variations in arterial stiffness confer addition risk. Kidney disease is independently associated with increased CVD events, but the exact makeup of this risk is not clear. Within this heterogenous cohort several very distinct groups exist including those with acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), inflammatory conditions like small vessel vasculitis (SVV), and those who have either donated or received a kidney transplant. Diurnal BP and arterial stiffness patterns within these patient groups are not well characterised. The investigators will recruit patients at increased risk of CVD from the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Renal and Vasculitis Clinics. Participants will undergo 24-hour ambulatory BP and arterial stiffness measurement in conjunction with day- and night-time blood and urine sampling on two separate occasions. This study aims to characterise diurnal patterns of BP and arterial stiffness in patients at increased risk of CVD and compare findings with healthy controls. In doing so, the investigators aim to allow more targeted CVD risk reduction strategies and improve long-term patient outcomes.

CKD is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality , As in adults, cardiovascular disease occurs in some children with CKD before they reach ESRD as well as after

Infection is one of common risk factors for relapsing of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). However, it is still unclear wheather COVID-19 infection can induce the relapsing of IMN. Herein, in this prospective, multi-center, cohort study, the investigator enrolled the IMN patients with COVID-19 infection. All subjects will be followed for three months with four visits at 1, 2 and 3 months. Then the investigator will compare the rate of replase of IMN in the two groups to evaluate the association of COVID-19 infection and replapse of IMN.

Recent breakthroughs in medical genetics have discovered that a portion of kidney failure affecting the Black community is mediated by coding variants in a gene called apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) - and that genetic variants, not race - account for increased risk. For APOL1 genetic testing to be applied in a manner that improves patient care and outcomes, more information is needed regarding associations of genotype with clinical parameters related to kidney health. Further, understanding patient perceptions about knowledge of the results of APOL1 genetic testing, and how that impacts patient engagement with management of hypertension and other renal risk factors, is urgently needed. In a Phase 1 pilot study, we offered APOL1 genetic testing to Black patients seen in our Hypertension and Nephrology clinics at Saint Louis University, an academic medical center that serves the local urban community, and surveyed patients on attitudes and concerns about APOL1 genetic testing. 144 participants were enrolled in Phase 1. In the Phase 2 study, we will advance this important work in our community by offering participation to a broader patient base, including patients seen in Internal and Family Medicine clinics, SLU Hospital, as well as to first-degree relatives and spouses of SLUCare participants. This expansion seeks to advance understanding of environment-gene interactions, improve risk prediction, and target management of potentially modifiable risk factors.

To determine the accuracy of SCreening for Occult REnal Disease (SCORED) questionnaire for CKD risk among Asian Patients

Predictors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Assiut University Hospitals.

The overarching hypothesis is that CF carriers are at increased risk for developing most of the extrapulmonary conditions associated with CF compared to the general population. Specifically, it is hypothesized that this pilot data will detect subclinical evidence of pancreatic and kidney disorders among CF carriers. This will be determined by bringing CF carriers and controls to the CRU for one visit where they will answer survey questions and undergo laboratory testing. Additionally, they will collect urine and stool samples at home that will be sent to outside laboratories for testing.