Active clinical trials for "Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute"

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignant disease characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of immature hematopoietic cells. Over the last two decades, clinical trials have demonstrated an improved response rate in younger adult AML. Aggressive induction plus more potent intensification programs with chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy plus stem cell transplantation (SCT) has improved treatment results. Advances in understanding disease biology, improvements in induction and consolidation program, and better supportive care have also all contributed. A number of clinical and laboratory characteristics influence the response to treatment and, thus, the survival of patients with AML. Among them, cytogenetic at diagnosis represents the most important prognostic variable. However, other factors may have a prognostic value and may influence patient's outcome. Anaemia and thrombocytopenia are cardinal manifestations of AML. Over the last decades, it has become apparent that the frequency of allogeneic blood transfusions can modify host immunity and clinical outcomes. Anaemia has long been recognized as an adverse prognostic factor in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), which represents a pre-leukemic disease. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion need was identified as a strong and independent risk factor for survival in MDS, for which the presence and severity of anaemia were attributed to a clonally advanced and biologically more aggressive disease. Based on these data, the investigators retrospectively assessed the prognostic value of RBC and platelet transfusions at the time of diagnosis and the frequency of transfusions during the first induction course of chemotherapy in a large unselected group of patients with previously untreated AML.

To analyze the occurrence of transformation from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to acute myeloid leukemia (hereinafter referred to as transformation from MDS to AML) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with a deletion 5q cytogenetic abnormality (hereinafter referred to as del(5q)MDS) who received Revlimid® 5 mg Capsules (hereinafter referred to as Revlimid) and who are continuing or no longer continuing Revlimid treatment. Planned registration period This period started on the date of initial marketing of Revlimid and will end on the day when the appropriateness of enrollment is assessed for all del(5qMDS) patients in the all-case surveillance. Planned surveillance period This period started on the date of initial marketing of Revlimid and will end 3 years after the last enrolled patient begins receiving Revlimid.

NGS studies will be done in stem cell leukemic population. The analysis of the samples to the diagnosis will be carried out using the 26 consensus genes: ASXL1 had, CBL, CEBPA, DNMT3A, EZH2, FLT3, GATA2, IDH1, IDH2, JAK2, KIT, KRAS, MPL, MLL, NPM1, NRAS, PTPN11, RUNX1, SETBP1, SF3B1, SRSF2, TET2, TP53, U2AF1, WT1. Regarding the 26 genes panel, it would have the advantage that the quantification of DNA from each sample will be carried out by fluorimetry using the AmpliSeq or TruSeq on Ion platforms torrent Proton or MySeq are handled in different laboratories. Using NGS techniques the investigator will detect the recurrently mutated genes in AML to establish the biological role of each mutation. The molecular characterization of the 700 samples which are estimated to pick up during the project will consist of massive sequencing of genes recurrently mutated in AML (ASXL1, had, CBL, CEBPA, DNMT3A, EZH2, FLT3, GATA2, IDH1, IDH2, JAK2, KIT, KRAS, MPL, MLL, NPM1, NRAS, PTPN11, RUNX1, SETBP1, SF3B1, SRSF2, TET2, TP53, U2AF1, WT1). Found mutations will be collated in the different databases of somatic variations to establish which of them could be classified as a driver or passenger.

The pseudo tyrosine kinase receptor 7 (PTK7) is an orphan tyrosine kinase receptor assigned to the planar cell polarity pathway. PTK7 is expressed in normal myeloid progenitors and CD34(+) CD38(-) bone marrow cells in humans. It is also expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is mostly assigned to granulocytic lineage differentiation. In AML, PTK7 seems to convey promigratory and antiapoptotic signals into the cell and represents an independent prognosis factor of survival in patients treated with induction chemotherapy. This study aims at: evaluating the impact of PTK7 expression on primary AML cells ex vivo evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic value of a soluble form of PTK7

RATIONALE: Studying samples of tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and identify biomarkers related to cancer. PURPOSE: This research study is looking at biomarkers in cell samples from patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

This research study is studying biomarkers in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Studying samples of bone marrow from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in DNA and about biomarkers related to cancer.

Primary Objective: 1. To assess the self-reported symptoms and the plasma cytokine levels of AML/MDS patients pretransplantation and posttransplantation with allogeneic blood and marrow in order to identify changes in symptoms (or symptom clusters) and changes in cytokines that may be related to the conditioning regimen and/or to the development of GVHD during the 100 days posttransplant. Based on the current literature, both animal and human research, in this study we hypothesize that increases in TNF alpha to be associated with poor appetite, sleep disturbance and fatigue, but not with increases in pain, depression and numbness.

HSCT from an allogeneic donor is the standard therapy for high-risk hematopoietic malignancies and a wide range of severe non-malignant diseases of the blood and immune system. The possibility of performing HSCT was significantly limited by the availability of donors compatible with the MHC system. However, modern ex-vivo and in vivo technologies for depletion of T lymphocytes have made it possible to improve the outcomes of HSCT from partially compatible related (haploidentical) donors. In representative groups, it was shown that the success of HSCT from haploidentical donors is not inferior to standard procedures of HSCT from HLA-compatible unrelated donors. HSCT from haploidentical donors in children associated with the deficit of the adaptive immune response, which persists up to 6 months after HSCT and can be an increased risk of death of the patient from opportunistic infections. To solve this problem, the method of infusion of low doses of donor memory T lymphocytes was introduced. This technology is based on the possibility of adoptive transfer of memory immune response to key viral pathogens from donor to recipient. Such infusions have been shown to be safe and to accelerate the recovery of the pathogen-specific immune response. The expansion of virus-specific T lymphocytes in the recipient's body depends on exposure to the relevant antigen in vivo. Thus, in the absence of contact with the viral antigen, the adoptive transfer of memory T lymphocytes is not accompanied in vivo by the expansion of virus-specific lymphocytes and does not form a circulating pool of memory T lymphocytes, that can protect the patient from infections. Therefore the investigators assume that ex-vivo priming of donor memory lymphocytes with relevant antigens can provide optimal antigenic stimulation and may solve the problem of restoring immunological reactivity in the early stages after HSCT. Technically ex-vivo primed memory T lymphocytes will be generated by short incubation of CD45RA-depleted fraction of the graft (a product of T lymphocyte depletion) with a pool of GMP-quality peptides representing a number of key proteins of the viral pathogens. The following are proposed as targeted antigens: CMV pp65, EBV EBNA-1, EBV LMP12A, Adeno AdV5 Hexon, BKV LT, BKV VP1. An infusion of donor memory lymphocytes will be performed on the day +1 after transplantation. Parameters of the assessment will be safety and efficacy (immune response by day 60 and stability (responses by day 180).

Patients with extramedullary leukemia were identified over 10 years (January 2003 to September 2019). Clinicopathological,genetic-molecular features were identified and survival outcomes were studied and analyzed.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow and is the most common acute leukemia in adults. This study will evaluate how well Venetoclax works to treat AML in adult participants who are ineligible for standard induction therapy in Russian Federation. Venetoclax is a drug approved to treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia. All study participants will receive Venetoclax as prescribed by their study doctor in accordance with approved local label. Adult participants with a diagnosis of AML who are ineligible for standard induction therapy will be enrolled. Around 50 participants will be enrolled in the study in approximately 15 sites in Russian Federation. Participants will receive venetoclax tablets to be taken by mouth daily according to the approved local label. The duration of the study is approximately 18 months. There is expected to be no additional burden for participants in this trial. All study visits will occur during routine clinical practice (approximately every 3 months) and participants will be followed for 18 months.