Active clinical trials for "Hyperlipidemias"

Adults who have had a previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) remain at risk for having a second serious event, especially if they have uncontrolled blood pressure or cholesterol. However, many patients have difficulty following treatment recommendations for lowering blood pressure and cholesterol. The purpose of this research project is to evaluate the effect of 2 booster sessions of an educational counseling intervention on how well adults who have already participated in a 6-month clinical trial had a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) are able to follow a treatment plan and control their blood pressure and cholesterol levels. We will also examine how effective this intervention is in improving adherence to diet, medication, and physical activity recommendations for adults who have had a prior stroke or TIA.

The aim of the Antioxidant Study was to compare the efficacy of foods naturally rich in antioxidants with that of antioxidants in a pill form on markers of inflammation and plasma cholesterol in healthy adults at risk of cardiovascular disease.

Primary Aim # 1: Determine the willingness of the public to participate in an intervention trial - NutritionQuest's Alive!TM - available in a public forum. Aim #1 Hypotheses: Less than 10% of individuals visiting the NutritionWeek site will register to participate in the Alive!TM Intervention; 70% of these individuals will complete the full intervention. Primary Aim # 2: To determine among individuals enrolled in the Alive!TM intervention, changes in measurements of body composition from pre- to post-intervention. Aim #2 Hypotheses: Participation in Alive!TM will result in positive changes in body composition, including reduction of body weight, percent body fat and blood LDL and an increase in blood HDL cholesterol. Purposes: Educate the public on the relationship between diet, weight and chronic disease Collect data for future research For participants of the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry (OMSI) portion of this study, we also provide a diet assessment and optional 3-month intervention Recruitment: Researchers will have a display at OMSI coincidental with the Body Worlds 3 exhibit and at local health fairs. Participants will be recruited from the attendees of the OMSI Body Worlds 3 exhibit as well as general OMSI visitors from July through October 2007 and from health fairs at later dates. Subject procedures: No identifiable information will be collected; only gender, year of birth, race and ethnicity are collected on any participant. Subjects under age 18 can participate in any or all of the following: a brief online, touch-screen assessment of eating and physical activity (health screening for immediate, printed feedback), physiologic measurements (height, weight, hip and waist circumference, percent body fat, blood pressure). Subjects who are age 18 and over can participate in any or all of the following: a brief online, touch-screen assessment of eating and physical activity (health screening for immediate, printed feedback), physiologic measurements (height, weight, hip and waist circumference, percent body fat, blood pressure), finger prick to assess blood glucose and lipid levels as well as DNA sample (mouthwash swish). For participants of the OMSI portion of this study, adults may also choose to join a 3-month online lifestyle intervention (Alive!™). Participants who enroll in the 3-month intervention will receive 12 intervention messages over a 3-month period. Each of the messages will take about 5 to 10 minutes to read. At the end of this 3-month period, participants will receive a post-assessment health screening at the Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) Clinical and Translational Research Center. This post-assessment will include completion of a diet and physical activity assessment, fasting blood measures of glucose and lipids, blood pressure, weight and height. All visitors to the display area and all research subjects will be offered educational materials. Instruments used, for OMSI participants only: The Alive!TM lifestyle intervention is a web-based diet assessment program designed to help individuals evaluate their diet and make healthy changes via tailored e-mail correspondence. This program is operated by NutritionQuest out of Berkeley, California; utilizing the Block questionnaires, designed and validated over many years by Dr. Gladys Block, and now in use by researchers and health practitioners world-wide. Data analysis: De-identified data will be stored for future analyses and will be used in descriptive analyses to provide information on the distribution of body size variables and how they relate to reported dietary intake. DNA data from cheek cell samples will be linked by identification number to dietary intake and physiologic measures. Though de-identified, this data may still be used to identify genetic profiles of individuals with various physiologic parameters. For OMSI participants only: Alive!TM lifestyle intervention data will be used to determine predictors of change in physiologic and reported intake measures pre and post-intervention, using analysis of variance. At the time of analyses ALL data (including Alive!TM participant data) will be de-identified.

Assesses physician compliance with paper-based and electronic guidelines, reminders, and alerts for outpatient settings. Target areas for the reminders and alerts are disease management, medication management, and interpretation of abnormal test results.

To investigate the separate effects of the amount of exercise and exercise intensity on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight men and women with mild to moderate dyslipidemia.

Differences in how diet fats are converted to energy could explain some of the reported differences in health effects among different classes of dietary fat (e.g. monounsaturated vs. saturated). Recently, this laboratory showed that monounsaturated fats are turned into energy more readily than saturated fats. These results may mean that if one feeds more monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and less saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the diet, body fat might accumulate at a lower rate. This could affect the risk of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. This project has two principal Specific Aims which will be assessed in healthy young adults who are fed liquid formulas containing either an approximately equal amount of MUFA and SFA (controls) or a much greater amount of MUFA and much less SFA: To determine if a higher intake of MUFA and a reciprocally lower intake of SFA is associated with a higher rate of fat oxidation. We hypothesize that the rate of fat oxidation after eating will be higher in those subjects randomized to the MUFA-enriched diet compared to controls. To measure energy intake required to maintain constant body weight during each diet and to measure fat-free mass and fat mass, before and after each dietary change. We hypothesize that those on the high MUFA diet will need a higher energy intake required to maintain constant body weight.

The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness and tolerability of garlic pills in lowering cholesterol and triglycerides in hyperlipidemic HIV-infected individuals who are being treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

The purpose of this study is to see if it is safe and effective to give the protease inhibitor (PI) amprenavir (APV) to patients with fat production and distribution problems associated with other PIs. Protease inhibitors are very effective in treating HIV-1 disease. However, patients who take these drugs often have problems, such as hyperlipidemia (an increased level of fat in the blood) and lipodystrophy (problems with the way fat is produced and distributed in the body). Doctors do not know exactly how PIs are related to these problems. APV has been shown to be safe and effective in lowering plasma viral loads (level of HIV in the blood). APV may be useful for patients who develop complications associated with other PIs.

Postprandial lipemia produced by fat intake is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the most important cause of disease and death in the Western world. Scientific evidence shows that the consumption of saturated fatty acids has a potential harmful effect on postprandial lipemia compared to the intake of monounsaturated fatty acids. The magnitude of postprandial lipemia is also determined by the health status of individuals, being altered in individuals with metabolic disorders associated with the development of CVD, such as hypertriglyceridemia. Palm oil is widely used in bakery products because it is more economical compared to other fats and oils of other origin and for its stability properties that contribute to this type of food. This oil has a profile of fatty acids, rich in saturated fatty acids, mainly palmitic acid, which as mentioned above, is associated with health alterations. In addition, the investigators must add the environmental problems that are generated by the massive cultivation of the plant from which palm oil is extracted (oil palm Elaeis guineensis), including the loss of thousands of hectares of tropical forest and endangering to dozens of animal species from deforested areas. The proliferation of all these arguments associated with the effect on the health and environment of the consumption of palm oil has given way to a paradigm shift in the use of palm oil in the food sector. The hypothesis of the study is that consumption of bagels with a composition optimized in fatty acids, eliminating the content of palm oil and replacing it with high oleic sunflower oil and stearic acid completely hydrogenated without trans fatty acids, so that the same amount of fat is maintained, will decrease the postprandial lipemia, compared to the consumption of bagels with a more conventional composition in fatty acids, in healthy and / or with mild-moderate hypertriglyceridemia individuals. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute consumption of bagels without palm oil in its formulation and with an optimized fatty acid composition on postprandial lipemia measuring the evolution of plasma triglyceride levels in healthy and/or with mild-moderated hypertriglyceridemia individuals.

One in every two deaths in the United States is caused by cardiovascular disease. Despite strong mechanistic links established between a diet rich in lipids and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, therapeutic advances have focused on reduction in either ingestion or synthesis of cholesterol, and reduction in dietary trans and saturated fatty acids and triglycerides. Even in the setting of aggressive high potency statin therapy and global cardiovascular risk reduction efforts, most clinical trials reveal a significant residual cardiovascular risk with, at best, only 30% reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events. There exists a significant unmet clinical need for identifying novel therapies for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. This requires identification of additional contributory processes to cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, so that mechanism-based interventions may be developed. Endothelial dysfunction is a pathological state in which there is systemic inflammation of vascular endothelium with consequent expression of pro-vasoconstrictive mediators, thrombotic and atherogenic tendencies. Endothelial dysfunction precedes the development of atherosclerosis and portends an increased risk of future adverse cardiovascular events. Endothelial dysfunction, therefore, can serve as a "barometer" of future cardiovascular risk. Measurement of Flow-mediated dilation ( FMD) is widely accepted as a method to assess vascular endothelial function.