Active clinical trials for "Lung Diseases, Obstructive"

How to reduce the rapid decline of lung function in patients with AECOPD is a clinically urgent problem to be solved. Studies have suggested that there is a bacterial flora imbalance in the lower respiratory tract of COPD patients. To explore the relationship between microbiology and host immunity is a hot topic in the field of COPD. The investigators use NGS (next generation sequencing) technology to fully explore the specific molecular mechanism of the lower respiratory tract microbiome in patients with COPD by regulating the transcriptional activities of NF-κB and PPARγ in alveolar macrophages, resulting in pulmonary parenchymal remodeling and decreased lung function. In this study, a prospective cohort study will be used to evaluate the effect of the lower respiratory tract microbiome on lung tissue (alveolar space and pulmonary vascular) remodeling and pulmonary function decline in patients with AECOPD.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by a chronic airflow limitation associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the airways to inhaled noxious particles or gases. It is the third leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 3 million deaths each year and the prevalence is predicted to increase even further during the coming decade (WHO 2015). In the last two decades, there has been a disappointing lack of fundamental breakthroughs in the understanding of the pathophysiology of COPD and there is currently no pharmacological treatment available that halts its relentless progression. A clear alternative for describing COPD does not exist either, while the identification of subgroups of COPD patients based on clinical, genomic and epigenomic factors would be useful. A clinically relevant phenotype with high potential of having a genetic cause is severe early-onset COPD (SEO-COPD), defined by severe airflow obstruction (FEV1 ≤ 40% predicted) at a relatively young age (≤53 years) [1]. In the UMCG, we have a continuous flow of severe COPD patients who are referred to our hospital for bronchoscopic lung volume reduction treatment or lung transplantation. Approximately 40-50% of these patients fulfil the criteria for SEO-COPD. As part of a previously approved study ("Phenotyping in COPD", METc 2014/102), these patients are routinely characterized when they are willing to participate in this study and gave their written informed consent. Characterization is performed using lung function (i.e. spirometry, body box), clinical (i.e. questionnaires, physical examination, measurement of waist-hip ratio), radiologic (HRCT-scan) and systemic parameters (venous blood collection). Moreover, the following additional samples are being extracted: bronchial biopsies, bronchial brushes and nasal brushes. There are two objectives this study adds. The primary objective is to identify the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying SEO-COPD by using the bronchial brushes and biopsies that are already extracted from the SEO-COPD patients. The secondary objective is to add two control groups (i.e. mild-moderate COPD group and healthy non-COPD control group) matched for age and smoking habits (all COPD patients referred for BLVRT or lung transplantation are ex-smokers). Hopefully, this will eventually explore COPD susceptibility and its genetic cause, resulting in a more tailored treatment of this COPD subset.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of air pollution on the occurrence and clinical course of chronic respiratory diseases, and discover new biomarkers from various devices such as CT images that can indicate the process and amount of lung damage caused by air pollution. Accordingly, the investigators have designed an prospective cohort with enrollment of normal people and patients with chronic respiratory diseases of three different categories (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis). Participants will be followed up for a period of one year, with evaluation of the clinical course of the respiratory disease and exposure to air pollution.

The purpose of the project is to investigate changes in the quadriceps muscle and cardiovascular regulation during exercise in relation to improved lung function after lung transplantation in patients with COPD.

Studying the microbiome of the lung in patients treated with endobronchial lung volume reduction coils for emphysema

Several studies have demonstrated the association between atmospheric pollution and chronic respiratory diseases. The magnitude of this association and its dependence of local factors are still unknown in Argentina, particularly for obstructive lung diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this study is to assess the effect of atmospheric pollution due to particulate matter (PM) on asthma and COPD exacerbations in adults. A prospective cohort study will be carried out in patients attending the pulmonary service of a public hospital located in San Nicolas, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Patients will be followed for 12 months after recruitment. The outcome variables will be the frequency of hospitalizations or emergency department consults for asthma or COPD exacerbations and related conditions, and the impact of COPD on a person's life as measured by the COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire. The exposure will be the pollution level in the particular address, measuring PM10 concentrations with portable equipment. Other variables as air temperature, humidity, and individual patient risk factors will be considered as potential confounders or effect modifiers. The associations will be estimated through regression models, i.e. logistic and Poisson regressions and recurrent event survival analysis. The results of this study should provide elements to estimate the risk of chronic respiratory diseases associated with atmospheric pollution, and to evaluate strategies for risk assessment in the local community.

The purpose of this study is to establish the reference values of impulse oscillometry (IOS) in healthy Chinese, and compare the indices of IOS in patients with lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and upper airway Obstruction (UAO).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its prevalence is in progression and COPD is expected to become the fourth leading cause of death by 2030. COPD is characterized by periods of stability interspersed with acute infectious/inflammatory flare-ups, also called acute exacerbations, during which patients deteriorate, sometimes to the point of requiring immediate medical assistance. Although most patients eventually recover, repeated episodes of exacerbations may accelerate COPD progression. Exacerbations may further compromise the integrity of limb muscles by promoting further loss in muscle mass and strength. The overall objective of this substudy is to elucidate how an acute COPD exacerbation may affect limb muscles.

This study through the long-term observation followed up for 2 years to find the change of the COPD patients blood ROMs, systematically evaluate the relationship between ROMs and the severity of COPD. Evaluate the differences of prognosis between the different oxidative stress level (according to the level of ROMs are divided into higher and normal phenotype). Explore the new oxidative stress evaluation index ROMs application value in COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic condition involving an impairment in functionality and in the execution of activities of daily life. The hypothesis of this study is to examine the relationship between cognitive status and clinical profile (respiratory, sleep quality, nutritional status) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in two different moments: exacerbation or stable situation.