Active clinical trials for "Acute Lung Injury"

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) commonly complicates acute illness in ICU. This syndrome is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In management of ARDS patients, lung protective ventilation and prone ventilation are key strategies which have shown survival benefits in recent years. Prone positioning has been reported to have hemodynamic disturbances like hypotension and arrhythmias. The literature till date is unclear with regards to acute hemodynamic changes which can happen during initiation of prone ventilation ,with a few studies suggesting decreasing cardiac output and a few increasing cardiac output. In recent years, trans-esophageal Doppler (TED) has become one of important hemodynamic assessment tool due to its minimal invasiveness, ease of use with its clinical utility established by various studies both in operation theatres and intensive care units. In current study, the investigators would like to evaluate acute hemodynamic effects of prone ventilation with TED in patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

RAGE (the receptor for advanced glycation end-products) is a marker of alveolar type I cell injury and a pivotal mediator of acute inflammation and innate immunity. RAGE pathway is highly regulated; the interaction of the transmembrane receptor with its various ligands (e.g. HMGB1, S100A12) ultimately leads to NF-kB activation and RAGE upregulation itself, but precise RAGE functions and intracellular pathways remain underexplored. During ARDS, monocyte and macrophage activation could modulate alveolar inflammation and repair. As RAGE is also expressed at the surface of monocytes/macrophages, we hypothesize that alveolar monocyte/macrophage activation may be mediated through a RAGE-TXNIP (thioredoxin interacting protein)-NLRP3/inflammasome intracellular pathway. The purpose of this observational prospective study is to compare alveolar monocyte/macrophage activation profiles (as assessed by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS)) in mechanically ventilated patients with or without ARDS.

This pilot observational study will assess changes in pH /PaO2 /PaCO2, Respiratory Rate and device CO2 clearance in the first 24 hours of Extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) following tidal volume (Vt), and plateau pressure reduction in patients with mild to moderate ARDS.

This studies´ objective is to describe how different PEEP levels affect dead space measured by Bohr´s formula.

Acute respiratory failure due to COVİD-19 pneumonia has poor prognosis and high mortality . Both the lack of an effective antiviral treatment and the low level evidence of the recommendations presented in the guidelines on other treatment methods have highlighted supportive treatments. Studies suggest that high-dose vitamin C treatment reduces mortality in patients with sepsis and ARDS, and may also be beneficial in COVİD-19 disease. In the study; the investigator aimed to determine the effect of Vitamin C on short-term mortality and length of intensive care stay in COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: Inadequate antibody response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been described among kidney transplant recipients. Immunosuppression level and specifically, use of antimetabolite in the maintenance immunosuppressive regimen, are associated with inadequate response. In light of the severe consequences of COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients, we believe it is justified to examine new vaccination strategies in these patients. Methods and analysis: BECAME is a single center, open label, investigator-initiated randomised controlled, superiority trial, aiming to compare immunosuppression reduction combined with a third BNT162b2 vaccine dose versus third dose alone. The primary outcome will be seropositivity rate against SARS-CoV-2. A sample size of 154 patients was calculated for the seropositivity endpoint assuming 25% seropositivity in the control group and 50% in the intervention group. A sample of participant per arm will be also teste for T-cell response. We also plan to perform a prospective observational study, evaluating seropositivity among ~350 kidney transplant recipients consenting to receive a third vaccine dose, who are not eligible for the randomised controlled trial. Ethics and dissemination: The trial is approved by local ethics committee of Rabin medical center (RMC-0192- 21). Results of this trial will be published; trial data will be available. Protocol amendments will be submitted to the local ethics committee.

The morbidity rate of Stanford A type Acute Aortic Dissection（AAD） has been increasing, about 5-10/100,000* per year. Emergency surgery has been the main treatment for Acute Aortic Dissection, however perioperative mortality rate can be as high as 15~30%. Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the main complications that happen during the perioperative period, which by itself covers 30%-50% of the overall mortality rate. Both domestic and foreign countries lack researches on risk factors, pathogenesis, disease progression and outcome of ALI, which happen during the perioperative period of Acute Aortic Dissection patients. This topic study follow projects in the preoperative of Acute Aortic Dissection'surgery hemodynamic changes (aortic dissection resulting in acute aortic regurgitation, cardiac tamponade and proximal high blood pressure) ischemia - reperfusion injury of aortic dissection distal organ Aortic intima-media exposure cause coagulation / fibrinolytic system function disorder systemic inflammatory response syndrome; use relevant clinical radiographic parameters, indicators of respiratory mechanics (oxygenation index and lung injury index) and biochemical indicators. To discuss risk factors and possible mechanisms of ADD patients with pre-operative ALI and observe their influences on the progress and prognosis of AAD, to explore early intervention in the preoperative for possible risk factors and mechanisms and to evaluate their influences on the prognosis, to achieve the purpose of reducing AAD perioperative mortality of ALI and medical expenses.

Current clinical prediction scores for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have limited positive predictive value. No studies have evaluated predictive kinetics of plasma biomarkers and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) polymorphisms in a broad population of critically ill patients or as an adjunct to clinical prediction scores. The main objective of the investigators study is to evaluate the predictive values of plasma soluble RAGE levels for the onset of ARDS in a high risk population of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). One of the investigators goals is to improve early identification of patients at risk for ARDS in order to better implement preventive stategies prior to ARDS development. The primary outcome is the occurrence of ARDS during the first week after admission to the ICU.

Despite its life-saving potential, the mechanical ventilator has great potential to do harm. Despite years of research, the mortality in acute lung injury (ALI) remains very high. Treatment options after ALI onset are very limited, therefore prevention may be the best option. Unfortunately, the emergency department has not been studied with respect to mechanical ventilation practices, and its contribution to ALI is unknown. The investigators hypothesize that mechanical ventilation is frequently used in the ED and for a variety of reasons, and that ED mechanical ventilation has an effect on long term outcomes.

The study is intended to evaluate the hemodynamic and the indexed extrapulmonary lung water (ELWI) changes in patients treated by high frequency oscillation-ventilation (HFO-V) for refractory acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). HFO-V may be used as rescue treatment in refractory ARDS but its hemodynamic impact is discussed. Moreover, as Extra Vascular Lung Water (a transpulmonary thermodilution parameter) was proven to be an independent mortality factor in ICU-patients, the investigators decided to monitor it in all ARDS patients who ended up needing HFO-V, from HFO-V plugging under 72 hours of this type of ventilation. All ARDS patients underwent high Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) with "protective ventilation" and those who remained below a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of 120 after 24h will be considered as "refractory ARDS patients" and, therefore eligible. They will be monitored by the transpulmonary thermodilution PiCCO technique (Pulsion Medical System. Munich, Germany) and placed under HFO-V. Both transpulmonary thermodilution measurements (ELWI , Cardiac Output, Global End-diastolic Volume) and standard transthoracic echocardiographic measurements (Ejection Fraction, End-diastolic Right and Left Ventricular Area, preload indexes) were be performed from HFO-V plugging to Day 3. The investigators suggest that ELWI will be correlated to HFO-V responsiveness and that cardiac output will not change at the HFO-V plugging, regardless of preload indexes variation. Inclusion will be proceeded over a 2 year period and, according to the population, the investigators expect about 50 eligible patients.