Active clinical trials for "Lung Neoplasms"

Lung cancer is a global problem. Worldwide, 1.2 million people die of lung cancer each year. In Iraq, lung cancer is the most common malignancy after breast cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Tobacco smoking plays a major role in lung cancer; it is reported in 85-90% of lung cancer patients yet environmental tobacco smoke, environmental and domestic air pollution, work-related risk factors, radon exposure, and viruses may also have an impact on lung cancer incidence rates. Early detection of the disease before patients develop symptoms considers the best way to improve patient outcomes. IT LUCAS is designed to evaluate the utility of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in early detection and management of lung cancer in high-risk people.

The effect of body composition on the survival rate is one of the research topics of interest in cancer patients and gaining attention in the last years. Body mass index is often used a proxy measure of total adiposity and previous studies examining the relationship between BMI and cancer outcomes have been showed distinct results . Obese patients with malignancies such as colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers, have been shown to have a worse prognosis than normal-weight patients . Nevertheless, obese patients with non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) have been observed to have a better clinical outcome than normal/low-weight cancer patients . In this study, we examined the effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue and skeletal muscle volumes on survival in metastatic NSCLC patients under different treatment regimens. Since there is no standard method for adipose tissue measurement, we evaluated the abdominal cavity with multi-slice and single-slice computed tomography measurements.

About 20-30% of patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are unresectable and definitive concurrent radiochemotherapy is the standard care. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a new radiotherapy technology, including gross tumor volume (GTV), clinical target volume (CTV), internal target volume (ITV), and planning target volume (PTV) as delineated target volumes. The treatment failure of local advanced NSCLC is mainly caused by local recurrence accounted for 50% and distant metastasis accounted for 50%. Local recurrence occurs both within the radiation field and outside the radiation field. Elective nodal irradiation (ENI) was designed before, however the adverse events (AEs) was not satisfactory. Afterwards, involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) showed that a reduced irradiation field did not increase local recurrence, and lowered the AEs Thus, IFRT has been broadly used in clinical work instead of ENI. IFRT still has disadvantages, including the risk of radiation respiratory events and radiation esophagitis, can the irradiation area be further reduced to reduce adverse reactions without affecting the efficacy? Positron emission tomography -computed tomography (PET-CT) can accurately assess primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes in NSCLC patients better than CT . A meta-analysis of 39 clinical studies showed that the median sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT for the detection of lymph node involvement were 85% and 90%, respectively, while those of CT alone were only 61% and 79%, respectively. The radiotherapy application of PET-CT in image acquisition can ensure the delineation of both primary tumor and mediastinal lymph node metastasis. Under this condition, can the radiation field be further reduced to lower the dose to normal tissue and radiotherapy-associated AEs? A dosimetry study showed that when a dose of 60 Gy was given to the primary tumor and positive mediastinal lymph nodes, even if the CTV was omitted, a dose of 50 Gy was sufficient to cover the subclinical area.

The main aim is to evaluate sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in adults participants with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertions mutations during the 5 years before data extraction date (from 1-Jan-2017 to 1-Jan-2022). Participants will not receive any drug. This study will only collect the data from the medical records via chart review.

This study will compare the quality of CT images acquired with very low-dose radiation and processed with commercially available software vs. PixelShine processed images. It would potentially allow imaging facilities to acquire CT scans using lower doses of radiation without sacrificing clarity of CT images. Acquiring high quality CT images with low-dose radiation has the potential to enhance patient safety and has significant implications in imaging practices.

It is reported that smoker patients (>400 cigarette/year) will suffer more postoperative complications than non-smoker patients after lobectomy. Evidences has suggested pulmonary rehabilitation could reduce the pulmonary complications after thoracic surgery. However, the effect and long-term results of pulmonary rehabilitation on smoker patients have not been studied. The purpose of this study is to determine whether pulmonary rehabilitation is effective to smoker patients who underwent lobectomy.

Although fist-line therapy with Cisplatin and etoposide(EP)or Carboplatin and etoposide(CE) has been given, patients with extensive small cell lung cancer(ED-SCLC) still relapse and the 2-year survival is extremely low. There is no standard maintenance treatment recommendation for ED-SCLC patients after the first-line therapy.Apatinib has been approved as a second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer. Several phase III clinical studies of non small cell lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and other tumors also showed apatinib has less toxic side effects and better patient tolerance. However, the clinical application of apatinib in small cell lung cancer is still lack of evidence-based medicine,so this clinical trial is designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of apatinib combine with etoposide as maintenance therapy in ED-SCLC patients after first-line chemotherapy in our center.

Construction of a large cohort of lung cancer patients to evaluate the Prognostic and Predictive Significance of the molecular biomarkers Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), KRAS, Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK), Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein and Microsatellite Instability (MSI) in lung cancer: A tissue microarray-based study of 500 cases.

Recent studies have shown that the assessment of a set of cytokines and / or circulating angiogenic factors (FACs) could be used to identify prognostic factors predictive of efficacy and / or potential mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic agents

It is a study that hypothesize that MR/PET can have better information than current CT image study, about the medical or surgical treatment outcome of lung cancer